(1)Acuña, René
1968  Titulo de los Señores de Sacapulas. Folklore Americas 28(1).
see p. 18

(2)Adams, Abigail and James E. Brady
1994  Etnografía Q'eqchi' de los Ritos en Cuevas: Implicaciones para la Interpretación Arqueológica. VII Simposio de Arqueología Guatemal-teca, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte and Héctor L. Escobedo A., pp. 205-211. Ministero de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropología e Historia y Asociación Tikal, Guatemala.

(3)Adams, Richard E. W. and Hubert Robichaux
1992  Tombs of Rio Azul, Guatemala. National Geographic Research and Exploration 8(4):412-427.
see p. 416

(4)Adams, Richard N. and Arthur J. Rubel
1967  Sickness and Social Relations. Handbook of Middle American Indians, Vol. 6: Social Anthropology, edited by Manning Nash, pp. 333-356. University of Texas Press, Austin.
see pp. 337-338

(5)Adams, Walter Randolph
1991  Social Structure in Pilgrimage and Prayer: Tzeltales as Lords and Servants. In Pilgrimage in Latin America, edited by N. Ross Crumrine and Alan Morinis, pp. 109-121. Greenwood Press, New York.
see pp. 112-113

(6)Agar, Michael
1998  The Yucatán's Flooded Basement. Smithsonian 29 (1):94-106.

Aguilar Cachón, Roger
2001  Antropología en Cavernas: Trabajo de Campo de Antropólogos en Cuevas y Cenotes de Yucatán. Por Esto! Cultura, December 7, pp. 1-2. Merida.

(7)Aguilar Zinser, Carmen
1974  Enseñanza Objetiva Teológica del Inframundo, en la Cueva de Joloniel, en Chiapas. Excelsior, August 4, Sec. B, pp. 1-2.

(8)Albert, David P. and Barbara MacLeod
1971  Caving in British Honduras. National Speleological Society News 29(1):6-9.

(9)Alcorn, Janis B.
1984  Huastec Mayan Ethnobotony. University of Texas Press, Austin.
see pp. 27, 60, 72, 76, 77, 79, 80, 82-86, 131, 137, 138, 139, 149, 154, 169, 171, 198, 200, 201, 202, 230, 235, 237-238, 240, 662, 393, 915

Alejos García, José
1994  Mosojäntel: Etnografía del Discurso Agrarista entre los Ch’oles de Chiapas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.
see pp. 35, 67-68, 69, 73, 91-96, 147, 197, 198, 235

(10)Allorge, M. M.
1910  The Newly Discovered Cave of Atoyac, Veracruz: A Contribution to the Study of Cave-Development. Sociedad Científica "Antonio Alzate" 29(7/8):43-45.

(11)Alonso, Marco Aurelio
1970  Etnológo y Folklorista Altaverapacense. Guatemala Indígena 5(2):92-113.
see p. 107

Altamirano, Ignacio Manuel
1995  Paisajes y Leyendas: Tradiciones y Costumbres de México. 5th ed. Editorial Porrúa, S.A., Mexico.
see p. 3

Alvarado, José Luis, Jorge Luis Jiménez-Meza, Luis Morett-Alatorre, Ana María Pelz Marín, and Fernando Sánchez-Martínez 
1994  Proyecto Arqueobotánico Ticumán 94. Memoria del III Congreso Interno del Centro INAH Morelos pp. 131-148. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Acapantzingo, Morelos, Mexico.
see Cruz and Noval 1994; Morett et al. 1999

Alvarez, Cristina
1980  Diccionario Etnolinguistico del Idioma Maya Yucateco Colonial. Tomo I: Mundo Fisico. Universidad Autónoma de México, Mexico.
see pp. 136-137

Alvarez, Ticul
1963  Restos de Mamíferos Encontrados en una Cueva de Valle Nacional, Oaxaca, México. Revista de Biología Tropical 11 (1): 57-61.

Alvarez S., Ticul
1975  Restos Oseos Animales de las Cuevas del Texal y Tepeyolo, Puebla, México. Departamento de Prehistoria, Cuaderno de Trabajo 12. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico. 

Alvarez, Ticul and Oscar J. Polaco
1982  Restos de Moluscos y Mamíferos Cuaternarios Procedentes de Loltún, Yucatán. Departamento de Prehistoria, Cuaderno de Trabajo 26. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico. 

(12)Alvarez Barret, Luis
1970  El Campeche Desconocido. Pub-licaciones del Gobierno del Estado de Campeche No. 13. Campeche.
see pp. 37-53

Alvarez del Castillo G. and Joel Briffard
1978  Estudio Morfológico de los Tipos de Maíz Encontrados en la Cueva el Riego, Tehuacan, Puebla. In Arqueobotánica (Métodos y Aplicaciones), coordinated by Fernando Sánchez-Martínez, pp. 18-24. Departamento de Prehistoria, Collección Científica 63. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico.

Alzate y Ramírez, José Antonio
1791  Descripción de las Antiguedades de Xochicalco, Dedicada a los Señores de la Actual Expedición Maratima al Rededor del Orbe. Suplemento a la Gazeta de Literatura, Mexico.
see p. 15

Amram, David W., Jr.
1937  Eastern Chiapas. Geographical Review 27: 19-36.
see p. 36

Amrhein, Laura Marie
2001  An Iconographic and Historic Analyss of Terminal Classic Maya Phyllic Imagery.  Ph.D. dissertation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond.
pp. 4, 40, 47, 48, 49, 50-51, 117-124, 171

(13)Anderson, A. H.
1952  Archaeology in British Honduras. Proceedings of the XXX International Congress of Americanists, pp. 32-35. London.
see p. 33

(14)Anderson, A. H.
1962  Cave Sites in British Honduras. Akten des XXXIV Internationale Amerikanisten-Kongresses, pp. 326-331. Verlad Ernest Berger, Horn, Vienna.

(15)Anderson, Arthur J. O.
1982 The Institution of Slave-Bathing. Indiana 7:81-92. Berlin.
see p. 82

(16)Andrews, Antonio P. 
1981  El "Guerrero" de Loltún: Comentario Analítico. Boletín de la Escuela de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Univer-sidad de Yucatán Nos. 48/49:36-50.

(17)Andrews, Anthony P. and Robert Corletta
1995  A Brief History of Underwater Archaeology in the Maya Area. Ancient Mesoamerica 6(2):101-117.

(18)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV
1943  The Archaeology of Southwestern Campeche. Contributions to American Anthropology and History, No. 40. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C.
see pp. 48-49

(19)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV
1961  Excavations at the Gruta de Balankanche, 1959. Appendix to: Preliminary Report to the 1959-60 Field Season, National Geographic Society-Tulane University Dzibilchultun Program. Tulane University Middle American Research Institute, Miscellaneous Series, No. 11: 28-40. New Orleans.
see Lathrap 1962

(20)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV
1962  Excavaciones en Dzibilchultún, Yucatán, 1956-62. Estudios de Cultura Maya 2:149-183.
see p. 157

(21)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV
1965  Explorations in the Gruta de Chac.  Middle American Research Institute Publication 31:1-21. New Orleans.

(22)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV
1970  Balankanche, Throne of the Tiger Priest. Middle American Research Institute Publication 32. New Orleans.

Andrews, E. Wyllys IV
1971  Balankanche - Throne of the Tiger Priest. Explorers Journal 49 (4):254-262.

23)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV, and Anthony P. Andrews
1975  A Preliminary Study of the Ruins of Xcaret, Quintana Roo, Mexico: With Notes on Other Archaeological Remains on the Central East Coast of the Yucatan Peninsula. Middle American Research Institute Publication 40. New Orleans.
see pp. 13, 16, 44-45, 45-46, 49-50, 57 Figs. 64-67, 58 Figs. 68-69, 65, 70, 72-73, 93

(24)Andrews, E. Wyllys IV and E. Wyllys Andrews V
1980  Excavations at Dzibilchultun, Yucatan, Mexico. Middle American Research Institute Publication, New Orleans.
see pp. 242-245

(25)Andrews, E. Wyllys V
1990  The Early Ceramic History of the Lowland Maya. In Vision and Revision in Maya Studies, edited by Flora S. Clancy and Peter D. Harrison, pp. 1-19. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
see p. 17

(26)Anonymous
1936  Cave Discovered in Honduras. Maya Research 3 (2):208. New Orleans.

(27)Anonymous
1981  Maya Cave Art and Modern Art Thievery. Science News 120 (3):37.

(28)Anonymous
1989  Guatemala: Nah Tunich Caves Closed. Mexicon 11(2):24.

(29)Anonymous
1989  Maya Cave Paintings at Naj Tunich Destroyed. Mexicon 11(5):83.

Antochiw, Michel
1999  Cenotes y Grutas de Yucatán/ Cenotes and Caves in Yucatán. In Cenotes y Grutas de Yucatán, edited by Luis Armando Ruíz Sosa, pp. 11-60. Secretaría de Ecología del Gobierno del Estado de Yucatán, Merida.

Aoyama, Kazou 
2001  Ritos de Plebeyos Mayas en la Cueva Gordon N.o 3 de Copán (Honduras) Durante el Periodo Clásico: Análsis de los Microhuellas de Uso Sobre la Lítica Menor de Obsidiana.  Mayab 14:5-16.
see Brady (112), Brady (114), Gatschet (341), Gordon (366), Rue et al. (828), Thomas (1014)

(30)Arellano, A. R. V. and Florencia Müller
1948  La Cueva Encantada de Chimalacatlan, Morelos. Sociedad Mexicana de Geografía y Estadistica LXVI:481-491.

Arias Fernández, Ricardo
2001  Sótanos de México: Abismos de Luz y Sombra. Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, Mexico.

Armillas, Pedro
1950  Teotihuacán, Tula y los Toltecas: Las Culturas Post-Arcaicas y Pre-Aztecas del Centro de Mexico. Excavaciones y Estudios, 1922-1950. Runa III: 37-69.
see p. 59

Armitage, Ruth A., James E. Brady, Allan Cobb, John R. Southon and Marvin W. Rowe
2001  Mass Spectrometric Radiocarbon Dates from Three Rock Paintings of Known Age. American Antiquity 66 (3):471-480.
see Brady et al. (142), Mayer (605)

Arnold, Channing and Frederick J.Tabor Frost
1909  The American Egypt: A Record of Travel in Yucatan. Hutchinson and Co., London.
 see pp. 251-252

(31)Arnold, Dean E.
1971  Ethnominerology of Ticul Yucatan Potters: Etics and Emics. American Antiquity 36: 20-40.
see pp. 27-28, 29, 32, 33

(32)Arnold, Dean E. and Bruce F. Bohor
1975  Attapulgite and Maya Blue: An Ancient Mine Comes to Light. Archaeology 28 (1): 23-29.
see Folan (292)

(33)Arnold, Dean E. and Bruce F. Bohor
1977  An Ancient Clay Mine at Yo'K'at, Yucatan. American Antiquity 42:575-582.
see pp. 578-579 

(34)Arnold, Jay
1985  International News. National Speleological Society News 43:135.

Arnold, Philip P.
2000  Parallel Consumptive Cosmologies. In Mesoamerica’s Classic Heritage: From Teotihuacan to the Aztecs, edited by Davíd Carrasco, Lindsay Jones, and Scott Sessions, pp. 515-522. University Press of Colorado, Boulder.
see pp. 515, 516

Arrata, Luis
1996  Review of: Images from the Under-world: Naj Tunich and the Tradition of Maya Cave Painting, by Andrea Stone. University of Texas Press, 1995, and At the Edge of the World: Caves and Late Classic Maya World View, by Karen Bassie-Sweet. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, 1996. Latin American Indian Literatures Journal 17: 178-180.

(35)Arroyo-Cabrales, Joaquin y Ticul Alvarez
1990  Restos Oseos de Murciélagos Procedentes de las Excavaciones de las Grutas de Loltún. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico.

(36)Arzate, J. A., L. Flores, R. E. Chavez, L. Barba and L. Manzanilla
1990  Magnetic Prospecting for Tunnels and Caves in Teotihuacan, México. In Geotechnical and Environmental Geophysics, edited by Stanley H. Ward, pp. 155-162. Society for Exploration Geophysics.

Asher, Alex
1997  The Cenote Tour: The Natural Wells of Quintana Roo. Cancun Tips (Winter) pp. 16-17. Cancun.

Audet, Carolyn M.
2001  Pottery from the Caves of the Thunb District. In Sacred Landscape and Settlement in the Sibun River Valley: XARP 1999 Archaeological Survey and Excavation, edited by Patricia A. McAnany, pp. 87-112. Department of Archaeology, Boston University, Boston.

Aulie, H. Wilbur and Evelyn W. de Aulie
1978  Diccionario Ch’ol – Español, Español – Ch’ol. Instituto Linguistico de Verano, Mexico.
see p. 53

(37)Austin, Patricia
1996  Cave Modification by the Ancient Maya the View from Belize. Poster presented at the Society for American Archaeology meetings, New Orleans.

(38)Avendaño J., Lucio and Ruth Mary Alexander
1970  Stories of a Mixteco Town. Tlalocan 6(2):169-175.
see pp. 169-170, 172, 173

Aveni, Anthony F.
2000  Out of Teotihuacan: Origins of the Celestial Canon in Mesoamerica. In Mesoamerica’s Classic Heritage: From Teotihuacan to the Aztecs, edited by Davíd Carrasco, Lindsay Jones, and Scott Sessions, pp. 253-268. University Press of Colorado, Boulder.
see pp. 253, 254

Awe, Jaime J.
1994  Las Funciones de las Cuevas en la Antigua Cultura Maya.  Los Investigadores de la Cultura Maya 2: 188-204. Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Campeche.

Awe, Jaime J.
1998  The Western Belize Regional Cave Project: A Report of the 1997 Field Season. Department of Anthropology Occasional Paper No. 1. University of New Hampshire, Durham.
see papers by Awe, Awe & Helmke, Awe et al., Gibbs, Griffith, Helmke & Awe, Helmke et al. Moyes & Awe

Awe, Jaime J.
1998  The Western Belize Regional Cave Project: Objectives, Context, and Problem Orientation. In The Western Belize Regional Cave Project: A Report of the 1997 Field Season, edited by Jaime J. Awe, pp. 1-21. Department of Anthropology Occasional Paper No. 1. University of New Hampshire, Durham.
see Awe 1998

Awe, Jaime J.
1999  The Western Belize Regional Cave Project: A Report of the 1998 Field Season. Department of Anthropology Occasional Paper No. 2. University of New Hampshire, Durham.
see papers by Colas & Helmke, Ferguson & Gibbs, Gibbs, et al., Griffith, Helmke, Helmke et al., Mirro &. Awe, Mirro et al., Owen & Gibbs

Awe, Jaime J. and Christophe G. B. Helmke
1998  Preliminary Report on the Reconnaissance of Cahal Witz Na, Roaring Creek Valley, Cayo District, Belize. In The Western Belize Regional Cave Project: A Report of the 1997 Field Season, edited by Jaime J. Awe, pp. 200-215. Department of Anthropology Occasional Paper No. 1. University of New Hampshire, Durham.
see Awe 1998

Awe, Jaime J., Christophe G. B. Helmke and Cameron S. Griffith
1998  Archaeological Reconnaissance in the Roaring Creek Valley: Caves, Rockshelters, and Settlement Architecture. In The Western Belize Regional Cave Project: A Report of the 1997 Field Season, edited by Jaime J. Awe, pp. 216-236. Department of Anthropology Occasional Paper No. 1. University of New Hampshire, Durham.
see Awe 1998

Awe, Jaime J., Christophe G. B. Helmke and Cameron S. Griffith
1998  Preliminary Analysis of the Pictographs, Petroglyphs and Sculptures of Actun Uayazba Kab, Cayo District, Belize. In The Western Belize Regional Cave Project: A Report of the 1997 Field Season, edited by Jaime J. Awe, pp. 216-236. Department of Anthropology Occasional Paper No. 1. University of New Hampshire, Durham.
see Awe 1998

(39)Ayala, Maricela
1993  Entre Cuevas, Cerros, y Cruces. In Cosmology and Natural Modeling Among Aboriginal American Peoples: Mesoamerica. The Second Sibley Conference on World Traditions of Culture and Art, Austin.

Badino, Giovanni, Alvise Belotti, Tullio Bernabei, Antonio de Vivo, Davide Domenici, Italo Giulivo
1999  Rio La Venta: Treasure of Chiapas. La Venta Associazione Culturale Esplorazioni Geografiche, Consejo Estatal para la Cultura y las Artes de Chiapas, Tipolitografia Turra, Padova.
See papers by Cortés Mandujano, Domenici, Drusini, Lee, Mendez, Orefici, Orefici et al., Piacenza

(40)Báez-Jorge, Felix
1991  Homshuk y el Simbolismo de la Ovogenesis en Mesoamerica (Reflexiones en Turno a los Radicalismos Difusionistas). La Palabra y El Hombre 80:207-230.

Baker, George T., III, Hugh Harleston, Jr., Alfonso Rangel, Matthew Wallrath, Manuel Gaitán and Alfonso Morales
1974  The Subterranean System of the Pyramid of the Sun at Teotihuacan: A Physical Description and Hypothetical Reconstruction. Groupo UAC-KAN, Apartado 6-857, Mexico.

(41)Ballinger, Diana A.
1986  Ossuary Burial of Cremated Human Remains from Copan, Honduras. M.A. thesis, University of Houston.

(42)Bancroft, Hubert Howe
1886  The Works of Hubert Howe Bancroft, Volume II: Civilized Races. The History Company, San Francisco.
see pp. 211, 622-623

(43)Bancroft, Hubert Howe
1886  The Works of Hubert Howe Bancroft, Volume IV: The Native Races, Antiquities. The History Company, San Francisco.
see pp. 116, 117, 120, 128-129, 201-202, 373, 575, 597-599, 600-601, 601-602

(44)Bancroft, Hubert Howe
1886  The Works of Hubert Howe Bancroft, Volume V: Primitive History. The History Company, San Francisco.
see pp. 532-533

(45)Barakat, Robert A.
1965  The Bear's Son Tale in Northern Mexico. Journal of American Folklore 78:330-336.
see pp. 331, 333

(46)Barakat, Robert A.
1967  John the Bear and Beowolf. Western Folklore 26(1):1-11.
see pp. 3, 4

Barba de Piña Chan, Beatriz
1993  Calzadas y Peregrinaciones Prehispánicas a las Deidades del Agua y de los Mantenimientos. Antropología 40: 3-9.
see p. 4

(47)Barba P., L.A., Linda Manzanilla, R. Chávez, Luis Flores and A.J. Arzate 
1990  Caves and Tunnels at Teotihuacan, Mexico: A Geological Phenomenon of Archaeological Interest. In Archaeological Geology of North America, edited by Norman P. Lasca and Jack Donahue, pp. 431-438. Geological Society of America, Boulder. 

(48)Barbarena, Santiago I.
1950  La Gruta de Corinto. Anales del Museo Nacional "David J. Guzman" Vol. 1, No. 3: 68-71. El Salvador.
see Coladán (212) (213), Haberland (409), (410), (411), Paz (724)

(49) Barrera Rubio, Alfredo
1985  The Rain Cult of the Puuc Area. In Fourth Palenque Round Table, 1980, Vol. 6, edited by Elizabeth P. Benson, pp. 249-260. Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco.
see pp. 250, 251, 253

Barrera Rubio, Alfredo
1999  La Ciudad del Brujo del Agua/The City of the Water Wizard. In Cenotes y Grutas de Yucatán, edited by Luis Armando Ruíz Sosa, pp. 102-109. Secretaría de Ecología del Gobierno del Estado de Yucatán, Merida.

Barrera Rubio, Alfredo and Carlos Peraza Lope
1999  Los Vestigios Pictóricos de la Cueva de Tixcuytún, Yucatán. In Land of the Turkey and the Deer: Recent Research in Yucatan, edited by Ruth Gubler, pp. 37-56. Labyrinthos Press, Lancaster.

(50)Barrera Vásquez, Alfredo
1970  The Ceremony of Tsikul T'an Ti' Yuntsiloob at Balankanche. Appendix to: Balankanche, Throne of the Tiger Priest, by E. Wyllys Andrews IV, pp. 72-78. Middle American Research Institute Publication 32. New Orleans.  

(51)Barrera Vasquez, Alfredo
1978  Mani. Boletín de la Escuela de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Universidad de Yucatán No. 33:32-39.
see pp. 36, 39.

(52)Barrera Vásquez, Alfredo
1980  Diccionario Maya Cordemex. Ediciones Cordemex, Merida.
see pp. 4, 7, 123, 131, 133, 146, 215, 228-229, 596, 889-890, 946, 961

(53)Basante Gutiérrez, Oscar 
1982  Algunas Cuevas en Teotihuacán. Memorial del Proyecto Arqueológico Teotihuacán 80-82. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Colección Científica No. 132, Vol. 1:341-349. Mexico.

(54)Basauri, Carlos
1931  Tojolabales, Tzeltales y Mayas. Talleres Grafícos de la Nacion, Mexico.
see p. 13

(55)Bassie-Sweet, Karen 
1991  From the Mouth of the Dark Cave: Commemorative Sculpture of the Late Classic Maya. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman. 
see Joyce (488), Tedlock (1008)

(56)Bassie-Sweet, Karen 
1996  At the Edge of the World: Caves and Late Classic Maya World View. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman. 
see Arrata 1996, Brady (116), Brady 1998

Bassie, Karen, Jorge Peréz de Lara, and Marc Zender
2000  Jolja Cave. The Pari Journal 1 (1): 5-10.

(57)Baudot, Georges
1974  The Last Years of Fray Bernardino de Sahagún (1585-90): The Resue of the Confiscated Work and the Seraphic Conflicts. New Unpublished Documents. In Sixteenth-Century Mexico: The Works of Sahagún, edited by Munro Edmonson, pp. 165-187. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
see p. 183

(58)Beals, Ralph L.
1933  The Acaxee: A Mountain Tribe of Durango and Sinaloa. Ibero-Americana 6. University of California Press, Berkeley.
see p. 32

(59)Beals, Ralph L.
1935  Two Mountain Zapotec Tales from Oaxaca. Journal of American Folklore 48:189-190.

(60)Beals, Ralph L.
1939  Sacrificial Rites of the Mixe. Congreso Internacional de Americanistas 27(2):428-434. Mexico.
see pp. 429, 431, 432

Beals, Ralph L.
1943  The Aboriginal Culture of the Cáhita Indians. Ibero-Americana 19. Univeersity of California Press, Berkeley.
see p. 60

Beals, Ralph L.
1945  The Contemporary Culture of the Cáhita Indians. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 142. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
see p. 199

(61)Beals, Ralph L.
1945  Ethnology of the Western Mixe. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Volume XLII.
see pp. 64, 67-68, 87-89, 90, 91, 93, 94, 170-171

(62)Beals, Ralph L.
1946  Cheran: A Sierra Tarascan Village. Institute of Social Anthropology, Publication 2. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
see pp. 157, 161-162

(63)Beaudry-Corbett, Marilyn, James E. Brady, Boyd Dixon, Pastor Gomez, George Hasemann and Dorie Reents-Budet
1997  North Central Honduras: A Maya Landscape? In Proceedings of the 1995 and 1996 Latin American Symposia, edited by Alana Cordy-Collins and Grace Johnson, pp. 49-66. San Diego Museum Papers No. 34, San Diego Museum of Man, San Diego. 
see Brady (117), Brady et al. (124, 125, 126), Cohen (211), Mexicon (621)

(64)Becker-Donner, Etta
1974  Investigation of Some Keckchi Myths. Actas del XLI Congreso Internacional de Americanistas, Vol. 2: 122-126. Mexico.
see pp. 122, 125

(65)Becquelin, Pierre and Claude F. Baudez
1982  Tonina: Une Cite Maya du Chiapas (Mexique). Mission Arqueologique et Ethnologique Francaise au Mexique, Paris.
see pp. 1225, 1231

(66)Benavides Castillo, Antonio
1983  La Gruta de Xcan, Yucatán, Sitio de Enterramientos Prehispanicos. Mexicon 5(2):32-36.

(67)Benson, Elizabeth P. 
1985  Architecture as Metaphor. In Fifth Palenque Round Table, 1983, edited by Merle Greene Robertson and Virginia M. Fields, pp. 183-188. Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco.

Benson, Elizabeth P.
1998  The Lord, the Ruler: Jaguar Symbol-ism in the Americas. In Icons of Power: Feline Symbolism in the Americas, edited by Nicholas J. Saunders, pp. 53-76. Routledge, London.
see pp. 59, 66-67, 71
(68)Benuzzi, Silvia
1981  A Pilgrimage to Chalma: The Analysis of Religious Change. Katunob: Occasional Publications in Mesoamerican Anthropology No. 17. Greeley, CO.
see pp. 7, 29, 31, 33, 34, 35-36

(69)Berlo, Janet Catherine
1980  Teotihuacan Art Abroad: A Study of Metropolitan Style and Provincial Transformation in Incensario Workshops. Ph.D. dissertation, Yale University.
see pp. 170, 172, 298-300, 301

(70)Bernal-García, María Elena
1994  Tzatza: Olmec Mountains and the Ruler's Ritual Speech. In Seventh Palenque Round Table, 1989, edited by Merle Greene Robertson and Virginia Field, pp. 113-124. Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco.

(71)Bernal-García, María Elena
1997  From Mountain to Toponym in the Historia Tolteca-Chichimeca. In Latin American Indian Literatures: Messages and Meanings, edited by Mary H. Preuss, pp. 85-102. Labyrinthos Press, Lancaster, CA.  

Beteta, José Luis
1985  Sorprendente Aventura en el Pedregal de San Ángel. México Desconocido 103: 41-45.
see Iturriaga de la Fuente (no. 31)

Betts, Robert C. and David Libbey 
1993  Speaking with Dios: A Costumbre in Highland Guatemala.  Shaman's Drum No. 33: 50-57.

(72)Bevans, Bernard 
1938  The Chinantec: Report on the Central and South-Eastern Chinantec Region, Volume 1 - The Chinantec Their Habitat. Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia, Publication No. 24, Washington, D.C. 
see p. 65

(73)Bierhorst, John
1992  History and Mythology of the Aztecs: The Codex Chimalpopoca. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
see pp. 23, 24, 41, 42, 85, 150, 153

(74)Bitterli, Thomas, and other Cerro Rabón Project members (eds.)
1996  Proyecto Cerro Rabón, 1990-1994, Oaxaca, Mexico. Speleo Projects,Caving Publications International, Basel, Switzerland.

(75)Blackiston, A. Hooton
1910  Recent Discoveries in Honduras. American Anthropologist 12: 536-541.

(76)Blackiston, A. Hooton
1910  Xochicalco. Records of the Past 9: 295-308.

(77)Blaffer, Sarah C.
1972  The Black-Man of Zinacantan: A Central American Legend. University of Texas Press, Austin.
see pp. 20, 28, 29, 32-33, 38, 68-69, 102-103, 117, 148-149

Blanton, Richard Edward
1972  Prehispanic Settlement Patterns of the Ixtapalapa Penninsula Region, Mexico. Occasional Papers in Anthropology No. 6. Department of Anthropology, Pennsyl-vania State University, University Park.
see pp. 38, 61a, 91, 125

(78)Blom, Frans
1924  Preliminary Work at Uaxactun, Guatemala. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book 23:217-219.
see p. 217

(79)Blom, Frans
1928  Preliminary Notes on Two Important Maya Finds. Proceedings of the XXIII Internactional Congress of Americanists, pp. 165-171. New York.
see pp. 165-167

(80)Blom, Frans
1929  Preliminary Report of the John Geddings Gray Memorial Expedition Conducted by the Tulane University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA in 1928. Department of Middle American Research, Tulane University, New Orleans.
see pp. 6-7, 8

(81)Blom, Frans
1954  Ossuaries, Creamation and Secondary Burials Among the Maya of Chiapas, Mexico. Journal de la Société des Américanistes 43: 123-135.

(82)Blom, Frans
1961  Notas sobre Algunas Ruinas Todavía sin Explorar. In Los Mayas del Sur y sus Relaciones con los Nahuas Meridionales, pp. 115-125. VIII Mesa Redonda de la Sociedad Mexicana de Antropología, Mexico.
see pp. 118, 119, 120-121

Blom, Frans and Gertrude Duby
1957  La Selva Lacandona: Andanzas Arqueológicas. Editorial Cultura, T. G., S.A., Mexico.
see Vol 1: 341, 348-350; Vol 2: 43-45, 55, 59-60, 197, 200, 218, 222, Figs. 91, 94

(83)Blom, Frans and Oliver La Farge
1926-27  Tribes and Temples.  Middle American Research Institute Publications 1-2. New Orleans.
see Vol. 1:155-158; Vol 2: 252, 253, 367-368, 409-410, 417-418, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511

Bonet, F.
1953  Espeología Mexicana: Cuevas de la Sierra Madre Oriental en la Región Xilitla. Boletín del Instituto de Geología Número 57. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.

(84)Bonfil Batalla, Guillermo
1968  Los que Trabajan con el Tiempo. Anales de Antropología 5: 99-128. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.
see pp. 112-113, 115-120, Foto. 1-5

(85)Bonfil Batalla, Guillermo
1971  Introducción al Ciclo de Ferias de Curesma en la Región de Cuautla, Morelos, México. Anales de Antro-pología 7:167-202. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.
see p. 169

(86)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis 
1987  Exploraciones en las Grutas de Calcehtok y Oxkintok, Yucatán, México. Mayab 3:24-31. 

(87)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis
1987  Aproximación al Estudio de las Fuentes de Agua en la Antigua Ciudad Maya de Oxkintok. Boletín de la Escuela de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Universidad de Yucatán No. 87:32-40.

(88)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis
1988  Cuevas Mayas en Yucatán. Historia, Vol. 16, No. 151, pp. 152-160. Madrid.

(89)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis
1989  Las Cuevas de Oxkintok: Informe Preliminar. Memorias del Segundo Coloquio Internacional de Mayistas, pp. 303-309. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico. 

(90)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis
1989  El Complejo Cueva-Pirámide en la Cultura Maya Antigua. Boletín de la Escuela de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Universidad de Yucatán No. 90:3-16.

(91)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis
1989  Las Cuevas Mayas: Simbolismo y Ritual. Universidad Compultense de Madrid, Madrid.

(92)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis
1992  El Culto al Sol en las Cuevas Mayas. Mayab 8:123-133.

(93)Bonor, Juan Luis
1995  Excavación de Salvamento en "Caves Branch Rock Shelter", Cayo District, Belize.  IV Encuento Internacional Investigadores de la Cultura Maya 1:46-70.

Bonor, Juan Luis and David M. Glassman
1999  La Arqueología y el Estudio de los Restos Humanos en “Caves Branch Rock Shelter”, Distrito de El Cayo, Belice. Mayab 12: 18-30.

(94)Bonor, Juan Luis and Carolina Martínez Klemm
1995  Trabajos Recientes en la Región de Caves Branch, Distrito de el Cayo, Belice. V Encuento Internacional Investigadores de la Cultura Maya 4:250-267.

(95)Bonor Villarejo, Juan Luis and Ismael Sanches y Pinto 
1991  Las Cavernas del Municipio de Oxkutzcab, Yucatán, México: Nuevas Aportaciones. Mayab 7:36-52. 

Boone, Elizabeth Hill
2000  Venerable Place of Beginnings: The Aztec Understanding of Teotihuacan. In Mesoamerica’s Classic Heritage: From Teotihuacan to the Aztecs, edited by Davíd Carrasco, Lindsay Jones, and Scott Sessions, pp. 371-395. University Press of Colorado, Boulder.
see p. 373

Boremanse, Didier
1979  Magic and Poetry among the Maya: Northern Lacandon Therapeutic Incantation.  Journal of Latin American Lore 5 (1): 45-53.
see pp. 48, 49

Boremanse, Didier
1993  The Faith of the Real People: The Lacandon of the Chiapas Rain Forest.  In South and Meso-American Native Spirituality, edited by Gary H. Gossen and Miguel León-Portilla, pp. 325-351. The Crossroads Publishing Company, New York.
see pp. 327-328, 331, 332, 348

Boremanse, Didier
1998  Hach Winick: The Lacandon Maya of Chiapas, Southern Mexico. Institute for Mesoamerican Studies, The University at Albany, Albany.
see pp. 27, 28

(96)Borhegyi, Steven F. de
1952  Travertine Vase in the Guatemala National Museum. American Antiquity 17:254-256.

Borhegyi, Stephen F. de
1957  Incensario de Purulhá, Guatemala.  Antropología e Historia de Guatemala 9 (1):3-7.

(97)Borhegyi, Steven F. de
1965  Archaeological Synthesis of the Guatemalan Highlands. In Handbook of Middle American Indians, Vol. 2: Archaeology of Southern Mesoamerica, Part 1, edited by Gordon R. Willey, pp. 3-58. University of Texas Press, Austin.
see p. 54

(98)Bower, Bruce
1998  Sacred Secrets of the Caves: Archaeologists Go Underground for Enlightenment on Ancient Maya. Science News 153 (4):56-58.

Bower, Bruce
2002  Openings to the Underworld: The Ancient Maya May Have Dug Caves with Spiritual Abondon. Science News 161 (20): 314-316.

Boyd, Carolyn E.
1996  Shamanic Journeys into the Otherworld of the Archaic Chichimec. Latin American Antiquity 7 (2):152-164.
see pp. 153, 156-157, 159, 160, 161

(99)Bradt, George McClellan
1949  Huichol Pilgrim. Natural History 58 (10):456-459, 475.
see p. 456

(100)Brady, James E.
1987  A Re-Evaluation of Protoclassic Orange Wares.  In: Maya Ceramics: Papers from the 1985 Maya Ceramic Conference, edited by Prudence M. Rice and Robert J. Sharer, pp. 469-477. BAR International Series 345, London.

(101)Brady, James E.
1988  The Sexual Connotation of Caves in Mesoamerican Ideology. Mexicon 10(3):51-55.

(102)Brady, James E.
1988  Analysis of Obsidian from Naj Tunich, Peten, Guatemala. In Obsidian Dates IV: A Compendium of Obsidian Hydration Dates Made at UCLA Obsidian Hydration Laboratory, edited by Clement W. Meighan and Janet Scalise, pp. 120-127. UCLA Institute of Archaeology, Los Angeles.

(103)Brady, James E.
1989  An Investigation of Maya Ritual Cave Use with Special Reference to Naj Tunich, Peten, Guatemala. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles.

(104)Brady, James E.
1990  Report on Recent Damage to the Inscriptions at Naj Tunich. Mexicon 12(1):5-6.

(105)Brady, James E.
1990  The Discovery and Exploration of Maya Sacred Caves. In Spirit of Enterprise: The 1990 Rolex Awards, edited by David W. Reed, p. 316. Buri International, Bern, Switzerland.

(106)Brady, James E.
1990  Investigaciones en la Cueva de El Duende. In Proyecto Arqueológico Regional Petexbatún, Informe Preliminar #2, Segunda Temporada, 1990, pp. 334-351, edited by A.A. Demarest and S.D. Houston. Vanderbilt University, Nashville.

(107)Brady, James E.
1991  New Vandalism at Naj Tunich Cave. National Geographic Research and Exploration 7(1):114-115. 

(108)Brady, James E.
1991  Caves and Cosmovision at Utatlan. California Anthropologist XVIII (1):1-10.

(109)Brady, James E.
1992  Function and Meaning of Lowland Maya Shoe-Pots. Ceramica de Cultura Maya 16: 1-10.

(110)Brady, James E.
1993  Exploraciones de la Rama Nueva de Naj Tunich: Implicaciones para su Interpretación. In Tercer Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, Héctor L. Escobedo and Sandra Villagrán de Brady, pp. 141-149. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropología e Historia, Asociación Tikal, Guatemala.

(111)Brady, James E.
1993  Cuevas No Naturales: Una Forma de Arquitectura No Reconocida en el Altiplano Maya. In Tercer Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, Héctor L. Escobedo and Sandra Villagrán de Brady, pp. 253-265. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropología e Historia, Asociación Tikal, Guatemala.

(112)Brady, James E.
1993  El Proyecto de Cuevas Rituales de Copán. El Escribano, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 1, 4. Boletín del Instituto Hondureño de Antropología e Historia, Tegucigalpa.
see Aoyama 2001, Brady (114), Gatschet (341), Gordon (366), Rue et al. (828), Thomas (1014)

(113)Brady, James E.
1994  El Impacto del Ritual en la Economia Maya. VII Simposio de Arqueología Guatemalteca, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte and Héctor L. Escobedo A., pp. 87-91. Ministero de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropología e Historia y Asociación Tikal, Guatemala.

(114)Brady, James E.
1995  A Reassessment of the Chronology and Function of Gordon's Cave #3, Copan, Honduras. Ancient Mesoamerica 6:29-38.
see Aoyama 2001, Brady (112), Gatschet (341), Gordon (366), Rue et al. (828), Thomas (1014)

(115)Brady, James E.
1996  Sources for the Study of Mesoamerican Ritual Cave Use. Studies in Mesoamerican Cave Use, Publication 1, George Washington University, Washington, D.C.

Brady, James E. 
1997  Retorno a las Cavernas de Copán: Otra Evaluación Preliminar. Yaxkin 15: 99-118.
see Brady (112), (114), Gatschet (341), Gordon (366), Rue et al. (828), Thomas (1014)

(116)Brady, James E.
1997  Review of: At the Edge of the World: Caves and Late Classic Maya World View, by Karen Bassie-Sweet. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, 1996. Latin American Amtiquity 8 (2):159.
see Bassie-Sweet (56)

(117)Brady, James E.
1997  Palaces of the Dead: Glimpses of the Afterlife from a Middle Preclassic Cave Ossuary. In Proceedings of the 1995 and 1996 Latin American Symposia, edited by Alana Cordy-Collins and Grace Johnson, pp. 21-32. San Diego Museum Papers No. 34, San Diego Museum of Man, San Diego. 
see Beaudry-Corbett et al. (63), Brady et al. (124, 125, 126), Cohen (211), Mexicon (621)

(118)Brady, James E.
1997  Settlement Configuration and Cos-mology: The Role of Caves at Dos Pilas. American Anthropologist 99 (3):602-618. 

(119)Brady, James E.
1998  Caves on the Cutting Edge. Anthropology Newsletter 39 (3):23, 25.

(120)Brady, James E.
1998  Las Grutas de Nooch Naj Cultunich. San Benito No. 28: 5-11. San Benito, Peten.

Brady, James E.
1998  Review of: Images from the Under-world: Naj Tunich and the Tradition of Maya Cave Painting, by Andrea Stone. University of Texas Press, 1995, and At the Edge of the World: Caves and Late Classic Maya World View, by Karen Bassie-Sweet. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, 1996. The Explorers Journal 76 (3): 30-31.

Brady, James E.
1999  The Gruta de Jobonche: An Analysis of Speleothem Rock Art.  In Land of the Turkey and the Deer: Recent Research in Yucatan, edited by Ruth Gubler, pp. 57-68. Labyrinthos Press, Lancaster.

Brady, James E.
1999  Sources for the Study of Mesoamerican Ritual Cave Use, 2nd ed. Studies in Mesoamerican Cave Use, Publication 1, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles.

Brady, James E.
2000  Die Dunklen Geheimnisse der Maya - Archäologische Erforschung von Maya-Höhlen. In: Die Maya - Gottkönige im Regenwald, edited by Nikolai Grube, pp. 296-307. Könemann, Köln.

Brady, James E.
2000  Early Political Appropriation of the Sacred Landscape. In The Sacred and the Profane: Architecture and Identity in the Maya Lowlands, edited by Pierre Robert Colas, Kai Delvendahl, Marcus Kuhnert, Annette Schubart, pp. 129-136. Acta Mesoamericana 10.

Brady, James E.
2000  ¿Un Chicomostoc en Teotihuacan? The Contribution of the Heyden Hypothesis to Mesoamerican Cave Studies. In In Chalchihuitl in Quetzalli, Precious Greenstone, Precious Quetzal Feather: Mesoamerica Studies in Honor of Doris Heyden, edited by Eloise Quiñones Keber, pp. 1-13. Labyrintos Press, Lancaster, CA.

Brady, James E.
2002  Underwater Caves and Cenotes as Keys to Understanding the Ancient Maya Cosmos. dirQuest 3 (4): 22-25.

Brady, James E.
2003  La Importancia de las Cuevas Artificiales para el Entendimiento de los Espacios Sagrados en Mesoamérica.  In Espacios Mayas: Usos, Representaciones, Creencias, edited by Alain Breton, Aurore Monod Becquelin and Mario Humberto Ruz, pp. 143-160. Centro de Estudios Mayas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Centre D'Étudies Mexicaines et Centraméricaines, México. 

Brady, James E.
2003  In My Hill, In My Valley: The Importance of Place in Ancient Maya Ritual.  In Mesas and Cosmology in Mesoamerica, edited by Douglas Sharon, pp. 83-91. San Diego Museum Papers 42. San Diego Museum of Man, San Diego. 

Brady, James E. and Wendy Ashmore
1999  Mountains, Caves, Water: Ideational Landscapes of the Ancient Maya. In Archaeologies of Landscapes: Contemporary Perspectives, edited by Wendy Ashmore and A. Bernard Knapp, pp. 124-145. Blackwell Publishers, Oxford.

(121)Brady, James E., Joseph W. Ball, Ronald L. Bishop, Duncan C. Pring, Norman Hammond and Rupert A. Housley 
1998 The Lowland Maya "Protoclassic": A Reconsideration of its Nature and Significance. Ancient Mesoamerica 9 (1): 17-38.
see pp. 24-25, 32-33

Brady, James E., Christopher Begley, John Fogarty, Donald J. Stierman, Barbara Luke, and Ann Scott
2000  Talgua Archaeological Project: A Preliminary Assessment. Mexicon 22 (5):111-118.

(122)Brady, James E. and Juan L. Bonor
1993  Las Cavernas en la Geografía Sagrada de los Mayas. In Perspectivas Antropológicas en el Mundo Maya, edited by M. J. Iglesias and F. Ligorred, pp. 75-95. Sociedad Española de Estudios Mayas, Madrid.

Brady, James E., Allan Cobb, Sergio Garza and Robert Burnett
2003  Balam Na: Reporte Preliminar de la Investigación de una Cueva Asociada al Río Poxte, Poptun.  Atlas Arqueológico de Guatemala Reporte 17, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, pp. 131-157. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Dirección General del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Escuela de Historia, Area de Arqueología, Guatemala.

(123)Brady, James E. and Federico Fahsen
1991  The Discovery of a New Maya Cave Painting Site in Guatemala. The Explorers Journal 69 (2):52-55.

(124)Brady, James E., George Hasemann and John Fogarty 
1995  Harvest of Skulls & Bones. Archaeology 48 (3):36-40.
see Beaudry-Corbett et al. (63), Brady (117), Brady et al. (125, 126), Cohen (211), Mexicon (621)

(125)Brady, James E., George Hasemann and John Fogarty
1995  Buried Secrets, Luminous Find. (Also published in Spanish as: Secretos Escondidos, Luminosos Hallazgos). Américas 47(4):6-15.
see Beaudry-Corbett et al. (63), Brady (117), Brady et al. (124, 126), Cohen (211), Mexicon (621)

(126)Brady, James E., George Hasemann and John Fogarty
1996  Explorando El Tiempo/Buried Secrets. Aboard Magazine Jan/Feb. pp. 10-18. 
see Beaudry-Corbett et al. (63), Brady (117), Brady et al. (124, 125), Cohen (211), Mexicon (621)

Brady, James E., George Hasemann and John Fogarty
1997  La Cueva del Río Talgua: El Cementerio Más Antiguo de Honduras. Yaxkin XVI: 49-56.
see Beaudry-Corbett et al. (63), Brady (117), Brady et al. (124, 125), Cohen (211), Mexicon (621)

(127)Brady, James E., Fernando Luin, Lori Wright, Carolina Foncea, Sandra Villagrán 
1990  Investigaciones en la Cueva de Sangre y otras Cuevas de la Región de Petexbatún. In Proyecto Arqueo-lógico Regional Petexbatún, Informe Preliminar #2, Segunda Temporada, 1990, edited by A.A. Demarest and S.D. Houston, pp. 438-567. Vanderbilt University, Nashville.

(128)Brady, James E., Luis Fernando Luin, Lori Wright, Carolina Foncea de Ponciano, Sandra Villagrán de Brady
1991  Descubrimientos Recientes de la Cueva de Sangre, Dos Pilas. In IV Simposio de Arqueología Guate-malteca, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, Héctor L. Escobedo and Sandra Villagrán de Brady, pp. 153-167. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropología e Historia, Asociación Tikal, Guatemala.

Brady, James E. and Keith Prufer
1999  Caves and Crystalmancy: Evidence for the Use of Crystals in Ancient Maya Religion. Journal of Anthropological Research 55:129-144.

(129)Brady, James E., and Irma Rodas 
1992  Hallazgos Recientes y Nuevas Interpretaciones de la Cueva de El Duende. In V Simposio de Investi-gaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, Héctor L. Escobedo A. and Sandra Villagrán de Brady, pp. 185-194. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropología e Historia, Asociación Tikal, Guatemala.

(130)Brady, James E., and Irma Rodas 
1994  Análisis de la Naturaleza de los Depositos Rituales en las Cuevas Mayas: Comprension Reciente de la Cueva de los Quetzales. VII Simposio de Arqueología Guatemalteca, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte and Héctor L. Escobedo A., pp. 539-551. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropología e Historia, Asociación Tikal, Guatemala.

(131)Brady, James E., and Irma Rodas 
1995  Maya Ritual Cave Deposits: Recent Insights from the Cueva de los Quetzales. Institute of Maya Studies Journal 1 (1):17-25. 

(132)Brady, James E., Irma Rodas, Lori Wright, Katherine Emery, Nora María López, Laura Stivers and Robert Chatham
1991  Proyecto Arqueológico Regional de Cuevas Petexbatún. In Proyecto Arqueológico Regional Petexbatún, Informe #3, Tercera Temporada, 1991, edited by A. Demarest, T. Inomata, and J. Palka, pp. 652-748. Vanderbilt University, Nashville.

(133)Brady, James E. and Ann Scott Schwegman
1993  Nuevos Metodos para la Invest-igacion de Cuevas Mayas. In Proyecto Arqueológico Regional Petexbatún, Informe #5, Temporada, Quinta Temporada 1993, edited by J.A. Valdes, A. Foias, T. Inomata, H. Escobedo and A.A. Demarest, pp. 137- 141. Vanderbilt University, Nashville.

(134)Brady, James E. and Ann Scott Schwegman
1994  Nuevos Metodos para la Investigacion de Cuevas Mayas. VII Simposio de Arqueología Guatemalteca, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte and Héctor L. Escobedo A., pp. 495-505. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropología e Historia, Asociación Tikal, Guatemala.

(135)Brady, James E. and Ann Scott 
1997  Excavations in Buried Cave Deposits: Implications for Interpretation. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 59 (1):15-21.

(136)Brady, James E., Ann Scott, Allan Cobb, Irma Rodas, John Fogarty, and Monica Urquizú Sánchez
1997  Glimpses of the Dark Side of the Petexbatun Regional Archaeological Project: The Petexbatun Regional Cave Survey. Ancient Mesoamerica 8 (2):353-364.

(137)Brady, James E., Ann Scott, Hector Neff & Michael Glascock 
1997  Speleothem Breakage, Movement, Removal and Caching: An Unreported Aspect of Ancient Maya Cave Modi-fication. Geoarchaeology 12 (6):725-750.

Brady, James E. and Erin Sears
2000  Cuevas, Peregrinaciones y Arqueología. Los Investigadores de la Cultura Maya 8, Tomo II:219-227.  Campeche, Mexico.

(138)Brady, James E. and Andrea Stone
1986  Naj Tunich: Entrance to the Maya Underworld. Archaeology 39 (6):18-25.

(139)Brady, James E. and Sandra Villagrán de Brady
1989  La Arqueología de la Cueva Naj Tunich: Patrones de Utilización Ritualistica. In: Segundo Simposio Sobre Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, pp. 175-181. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropología e Historia, Asociación Tikal, Guatemala.

(140)Brady, James E. and George Veni
1992  Man-Made and Pseudo-Karst Caves: The Implications of Sub-Surface Geologic Features Within Maya Centers. Geoarchaeology 7(2):149-167. 

(141)Brady, James E., George Veni, Andrea Stone, and Allan B. Cobb
1992  Explorations in the New Branch of Naj Tunich: Implications for Interpretations. Mexicon 16(4):74-81.

Brady, James E. and Gene A. Ware
2001  Las Inscripciones de Naj Tunich: Avances Recientes de la Imagen Multi-Espectral. XIV Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológiacas en Guatemala, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte, Ana Claudia de Suasnávar and Bárbara Arroyo, pp. 1017-1025. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropología e Historia, Asociación Tikal, Guatemala. 

(142)Brady, James E., Gene A. Ware, Barbara Luke, Allan Cobb, John Fogarty and Beverly Shade 
1997  Preclassic Cave Utilization Near Cobanerita, San Benito, Peten. Mexicon XIX (5): 91-96.
see Armitage et al. 2001, Mayer (605)

(143)Brainerd, George W. 
1942  Yucatan: Pottery. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book 41:253-257.  
see pp. 254-255

(144)Brainerd, George W.
1958  The Archaeological Ceramics of Yucatan. Anthropological Records 19. University of California Press, Berkeley.
see pp. 7, 11-12, 21, 24-25, 35-36, 44

(145)Bray, Warwick
1977  Maya Metalwork and its External Connections. In Social Process in Maya Prehistory, edited by Norman Hammond, pp. 365-403. Academic Press, London.
see p. 393

(146)Breuil-Martínez, Véronique
1993  Art Repestre en Zone Maya: L'Archéologie des Grottes de la Zone Puuc. Ph.D. dissertation, Universite Paris, Sorbonne.

(147)Bricker, Victoria Reifler
1973  Ritual Humor in Highland Chiapas. University of Texas Press, Austin.
see pp. 65, 66-67, 114, 150-151

(148)Bricker, Victoria Reifler
1981  The Indian Christ, the Indian King: Historical Substrate of Maya Myth and Ritual. University of Texas Press, Austin.
see p. 103

(149)Bringhurst, John
1986  Folk Healing Practices and Beliefs of the Kekchi Indians. Thesis, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego.

(150)Brinton, Daniel
1894  Nagualism: A Study of Native American Folk-lore and History.  Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 33:11-73.

(151)Broda, Johanna
1987  The Provenience of the Offerings: Tribute and Cosmovision. In The Aztec Templo Mayor, edited by Elizabeth Hill Boone, pp. 211-257. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C.
see pp. 223, 230, 231, 232, 233, 235-236, 237, 238-239, 240

Broda, Johanna
1987  Templo Mayor as Ritual Space. In The Great Temple of Tenochtitlan: Center and Periphery in the Aztec World, by Johanna Broda, Davíd Carrasco and Eduardo Matos Moctezuma, pp. 61-123. University of California Press, Berkeley.
see pp. 92-93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 101, 102

Broda, Johanna
1989  Geografía, Clima, y Observación de la Naturaleza en la Mesoamérica Prehispánica. In Las Máscaras de la Cueva de Santa Ana Teloxtoc, edited by Ernesto Vargas, pp. 35-51. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.
see Vargas 1989

(152)Broda, Johanna
1991  Cosmovisión y Observación de la Naturaleza: El Ejemplo del Culto de los Cerros en Mesoamerica. In Arqueo-astronomía et Etnoastronomía en Mesoamérica, edited by Johanna Broda, Stanislaw Iwaniszewski, and Lucrecia Mauponé, pp. 461-500. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.

Broda, Johanna
1996  Calendarios, Cosmovisión y Observación de la Naturaleza. In Temas Mesoamericanos, coordinated by Sonia Lombardo and Enrique Nalda, pp. 427-469. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico.
see pp. 458, 459-461

Broda, Johanna
1997  El Culto Mexica de los Cerros de la Cuenca de Méxica: Apuntes para la Discusión sobre Graniceros. In Graniceros: Cosmovision y Meteorología Indígenas de Mesoamérica, edited by Beatriz Albores and Johanna Broda, pp. 49-90. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.
see pp. 53, 54, 73, 74-75

Broda, Johanna
2000  Calendrics and Ritual Landscape at Teotihuacan: Themes of Continuity in Mesoamerican “Cosmovision.” In Mesoamerica’s Classic Heritage: From Teotihuacan to the Aztecs, edited by Davíd Carrasco, Lindsay Jones, and Scott Sessions, pp. 397-432. University Press of Colorado, Boulder.
see pp. 398, 400, 401, 403, 404, 414-415, 417, 424

Broda, Johanna and Druzo Maldonado
1994  La Cueva de Chimalacatepec, Morelos. Una Interpretación Histórica. Memoria del III Congreso Interno del Centro INAH Morelos pp. 101-122. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Acapantzingo, Morelos, Mexico.
see De Vega and Pelz 1994

Broda, Johanna and Druzo Maldonado
1997  Culto en la Cueva de Chimalacatepec, San Juan Tlacotenco, Morelos.  In Graniceros: Cosmovision y Meteorología Indígenas de Mesoamérica, edited by Beatriz Albores and Johanna Broda, pp. 175-211. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.
see De Vega and Pelz 1994

(153)Brotherston, Gordon
1996  Review of: Images from the Under-world: Naj Tunich and the Tradition of Maya Cave Painting, by Andrea Stone. University of Texas Press, Austin (1995). Nahua Newsletter 21:10-11.

(154)Bruce, Robert D.
1975  Lacandon Dream Symbolism, Vol. 1: Dream Symbolism and Interpretation. Ediciones Euroamericanas, Mexico.
see pp. 80, 81

(155)Bruce, Robert D
1979  Lacandon Dream Symbolism, Vol. 2: Dictionary Index and Classification of Dream Symbols. Ediciones Euroamericanas, Mexico.
see pp. 318, 320

(156)Brundage, Burr Cartwright
1979  The Fifth Sun: Aztec Gods, Aztec World. University of Texas Press, Austin.
see pp. 70, 72, 98, 124, 140, 157, 162, 167, 169, 213, 231, 232

(157)Brundage, Burr Cartwright
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(165)Burns, Allan F.
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(166)Bush Romero, Pablo
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(167)Butler, Mary
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(209)Coggins, Clemency Chase and Orrin C. Shane III
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(259)Digby, Adrian
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(260)Dillon, Brian D. 
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1999  Report on the Preliminary Exploration of Barton Creek Cave, Cayo, Belize. In The Western Belize Regional Cave Project: A Report of the 1998 Field Season, edited by Jaime J. Awe, pp. 231-233. Department of Anthropology Occasional Paper No. 2. University of New Hampshire, Durham.
see Awe 1999

(347)Gibson, Lorna F. and Donald and Anne Olson
1963  Four Pame Texts. Tlalocan 4(2):125-143.
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(348)Gifford, James C.
1976  Prehistoric Pottery Analysis and the Ceramics of Barton Ramie in the Belize Valley.  Memoirs of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Volume 18. Harvard University, Cambridge. 
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Gillin, John
1948  Magical Fright. Psychiatry 11:387-400.
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(349)Gillin, John
1951  The Culture of Security in San Carlos: A Study of a Guatemalan Community of Indians and Ladinos. Middle American Research Institute, Publication 16. New Orleans.
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(350)Gillespie, Susan D.
1989  The Aztec King: The Construction of Rulership in Mexica History. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
see pp. 4, 44, 57, 85, 115, 162, 178

(351)Gillow, D. Eulogio G.
1889  Apuntes Historicas. Imprenta del Sagrado Corazon de Jesus, Mexico. 
see pp. 205, 206, 211

(352)Giménez, Gilberto
1978  Cultura Popular y Religión en el Anahuac. Centro de Estudios Ecuménicos, Mexico.

Gómez, Pastor
1997  Excavaciones en Jamasquire. Yaxkin XVI: 57-71.

Gómez Cobá, María José
2000  El Enfoque Materialista para el Estudio de las Cuevas: El Caso de Sabak Já. Por Esto! Unicornio, October 15, pp. 7-11. Merida.

(353)Gómez de Orozco, Federico
1945  Costumbres, Fiestas, Enterramientos y Diversas Formas de Proceder de los Indios de Nueva España. Tlalocan 2:37-63.
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(354)Gómez N., Celinda 
1974  Ceremonia de "U Wahil Ch'een" (Pan de Pozo). Boletín de la Escuela de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Universidad de Yucatán 1 (5):7-10. 

(355)Gómez Robelo, Roberto
1953  Arqueología de Honduras y Pueblos Civilizados de America. Talleres Tipográficos Nacionales, Tegucigalpa.
see p. 12, chap. 9

(356)Góngora Cámara, José and Mary H. Preuss 
1990  A Yucatec-Mayan Prayer for Rain from the Ch'aa Chaac Ritual. Latin American Indian Literatures Journal 6:130-144. 
see p. 136, 139, 142, 143, 144

(357)González Casanova, Pablo
1928  Leyenda del Rey Tepoztecatl. Mexican Folkways 4(4):206-224.
see p. 218

(358)González Licón, Ernesto
1985  El Uso de los Cenotes en Época Prehispanica: Xtimul, Yucatán, un Ejemplo. In Investigaciones Recientes in el Area Maya 2: 105-115. XVII Mesa Redonda de la Sociedad Mexicana de Antropología, Mexico.

(359)González Licón, Ernesto
1986  Los Mayas de la Gruta de Loltún, Yucatán, a Través de sus Materiales Arqueológicos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico. 

(360)González Licón, Ernesto
1987  Tipología Cerámica de la Gruta de Loltún, Yucatán. In Memorias del Primer Coloquio Internacional de Mayistas, pp. 165-173. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.

González Licón, Ernesto
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see pp. 29, 31, 164-165, 200-203

(361)González Licón, Ernesto and Lourdes Márquez Morfín
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(362)González Morales, Celso
1988  El Río de la Cueva. La Palabra Maya 1:4-5. Poptún, Petén, Guatemala.

(363)González Torrez, Yolotl
1972  Algunos Aspectos del Culto a la Luna en el México Antiguo. Estudios de Cultura Nahuatl 10:113-127.
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González V., Javier
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see Vargas 1989

González Villanueva, Pedro
1989	El Sacrificio Mixe: Rumbos para una Antropología Religiosa Indígena. Centro de Estudios Pastorales y Antropológicos de la Prelatura Mixepolitana, Mexico.
see pp. 11-12, 15, 27, 29, 32-33, 34, 39, 42-43, 47, 114-115, 116-118

Good, Kenneth and Gerald Obermeyer
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(364)Goodwyn, Frank
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(365)Gordon, George Byron
1896  Unpublished letter from George Gordon to Charles Bowditch dated April 6, 1896. 

(366)Gordon, George Byron
1898  Caverns of Copan, Honduras. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology Memoirs 1:137-148.
see Aoyama 2001, Brady (112), (114), Gatschet (341), Rue et al. (828), Thomas (1014)

(367)Gordon, George Byron
1915  Guatemala Myths. The Museum Journal 6(3):103-144.
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(368)Gordon, George Byron
1915  Sucaneb. The Museum Journal 6(4):180-183.
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(369)Gosner, Kevin
1992  Soldiers of the Virgin: The Moral Economy of a Colonial Maya Rebellion. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
see pp. 110. 111, 134

(370)Gossen, Gary H.
1972  Temporal and Spatial Equivilents in Chamula Ritual Symbolism. In Reader in Comparative Religion: An Anthropological Approach, 3rd ed., edited by William A. Lessa and Evon Z. Vogt, pp. 135-149. Harper and Row, Publishers, New York.
see p. 137

(371)Gossen, Gary H.
1973  Chamula Tzotzil Proverbs: Neither Fish nor Fowl. In Meaning in Mayan Languages: Ethnolinguistic Studies, edited by Munro S. Edmonson. Mouton & Co., The Hague.
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(372)Gossen, Gary H.
1974  Chamulas in the World of the Sun: Time and Space in a Maya Oral Tradition. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
see pp. 19-20, 21, 86-87, 270, 291-292, 294, 318-319

(373)Goubaud Carrera, Antonio
1949  Notes on San Juan Chamelco, Alta Verapaz. University of Chicago Microfilms, Manuscripts on Middle American Cultural Anthropology, No. 23. 
see pp. 35, 36, 38-39, 42, 78, 106-107, 124, 125

(374)Gould, Richard
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(375)Grafico
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(376)Graham, Elizabeth, Logan McNatt, and Mark A. Gutchen
1980  Excavations in Footprint Cave, Belize. Journal of Field Archaeology 7: 153-172.

Graham, Ian
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see Stuart and Stuart (993)

(377)Grant, Jack and Bill Dailey
1960  The Defensive Barriers of Loltun. Unpublished manuscript.

(378)Greenberg, James B.
1981  Santiago's Sword: Chatino Peasant Religion and Economics. University of California Press, Berkeley.
see pp. 32, 83-84, 84-85, 99, 105-106

(379)Grieder, Terence 
1982  Origens of Pre-Columbian Art. University of Texas Press, Austin.
see pp. 119, 131-134

(380)Griffin, Gilett
1967  Cave Trip Discloses Earliest American Art. University: A Princton Quarterly, No. 34:6-9.

Griffen, William B.
1959  Notes on Seri Indian Culture, Sonora, Mexico. Latin American Monographs 10. University of Florida Press, Gainsville.
see pp. 47-48, 50-51

(381)Griffin, Gilett
1981  Olmec Forms and Materials Found in Central Guerrero. In The Olmec and Their Neighbors: Essays in Memory of Matthew W. Sterling, edited by Elizabeth P. Benson, pp. 209-222. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C.
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Griffith, Cameron
1998  Excavations and Salvage Operations in Actun Tunichil Muknal and Actun Uayazba Kab, Roaring Creek Valley, Belize. In The Western Belize Regional Cave Project: A Report of the 1997 Field Season, edited by Jaime J. Awe, pp. 39-70. Department of Anthropology Occasional Paper No. 1. University of New Hampshire, Durham.
see Awe 1998

Griffith, Cameron Scott
An Alternative Interpretation of Monument 1 in the Stela Chamber of Actun Tunichil Muknal. In The Western Belize Regional Cave Project: A Report of the 1998 Field Season, edited by Jaime J. Awe, pp. 85-104. Department of Anthropology Occasional Paper No. 2. University of New Hampshire, Durham.
see Awe 1999

Griffith, Cameron Scott
Patterns in the Darkness: Report on the 1998 Investigations of Cahal Uitz Na, Cayo District, Belize. In The Western Belize Regional Cave Project: A Report of the 1998 Field Season, edited by Jaime J. Awe, pp. 105-111. Department of Anthropology Occasional Paper No. 2. University of New Hampshire, Durham.
see Awe 1999

(382)Grignon Cheesman, Rita M.
1989  El Culto a los Volcanoes y Lagos en la Region del Oriente. Paper presented at the Tercer Simposio sobre Arqueología Guatemalteca. Guatemala City.

(383)Grigsby, Thomas L.
1986  In the Stone Warehouse: The Survival of a Cave Cult in Central Mexico. Journal of Latin American Lore 12(2):161-179.

(384)Grimes, Joseph E. and Thomas B. Hinton
1969  The Huichol and Cora. In Handbook of Middle American Indians, Vol. 8: Ethnology, edited by Evon Z. Vogt, pp. 792-813. University of Texas Press, Austin.
see pp. 806, 812

(385)Grollig, Francis Xavier
1959  San Miguel Acatán, Huehuetenango, Guatemala: A Modern Maya Village. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington.
see p. 162

(386)Grove, David C.
1967  Juxtlahuaca Cave (Guerrero) Revisited. Katunob 6(2):37-40.

(387)Grove, David C.
1968  Murales Olmecas en Guerrero. Boletín del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia No. 34:11-14.

(388)Grove, David C.
1968  Chalcatzingo, Morelos, Mexico: A Reappraisal of the Olmec Rock Carvings. American Antiquity 33:486-491.
see pp. 486-487, 489-490

(389)Grove, David C.
1969  Olmec Cave Painting: Discovery from Guerrero, Mexico. Science 164:421-423.

(390)Grove, David C.
1970  Los Murales de la Cueva de Oxtotitlán, Acatlán, Guerrero. Serie Investigativa, No. 23, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico.

(391)Grove, David C.
1970  The Olmec Paintings of Oxtotitlan Cave, Guerrero, Mexico. Studies in Pre-Columbian Art and Archaeology, No. 6. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C.

(392)Grove, David C.
1972  Olmec Felines in Highland Central Mexico. In Cult of the Feline: A Conference in Pre-Columbian Iconography, edited by Elizabeth P. Benson, pp. 153-164. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C.
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(393)Grove, David C.
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(394)Grove, David C.
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(395)Grove, David C.
1987  Ancient Chalcatzingo. University of Texas Press, Austin.

(396)Grove, David C.
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(397)Grove, David C.
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(398)Grube, N.
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(399)Gruning, E. L.
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(400)Guderjan, Thomas H., Michael Lindeman, Ellen Ruble, Froyla Salam, and Jason Yeager
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Guiteras Holmes, C.
1947  Clanes y Sistema de Parantesco de Cancuc (México). Acta Americana 5:1-17.
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Guiteras Holmes, Calixta
1952  Social Organization.  In Heritage of Conquest: The Ethnology of Middle America, edited by Sol Tax, pp. 97-118. Free Press, Glencoe, IL.
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(401)Guiteras-Holmes, Calixta
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(402)Guiteras-Holmes, Calixta
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(403)Gurnee, Russell H.
1959  Guatemalan Underground. National Speleological Society News 17(9):133-135.

(404)Gurnee, Russell H.
1962  The Caves of Guatemala. National Speleological Society Bulletin 24, Part 1:25-30.

(405)Gurnee, Russell H.
1965  Seamay Cave (Caves of the Grand Staircase) Senahu, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, C.A. National Speleological Society News 23(8):114-117.

(406)Gurnee, Russell H.
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(407)Gurnee, Russell H., Ward Randol, A. Richard Smith, Richard Gould, Brother G. Nicholas, Charles E. Mohr, Hugh Land, José Limeres
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(409)Guzmán Peredo, Miguel
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Haarmann, Erich
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(410)Haberland, Wolfgang 
1972  The Cave of the Holy Ghost. Archaeology 25:286-291.
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(411)Haberland, Wolfgang 
1976  La Cueva del Espíritu Santo. Anales del Museo Nacional "David J. Guzman" Vol. 49: 93-106. El Salvador.
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Haeserijn V., Esteban
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see pp. 41, 271, 274, 276-277, 283, 286-287, 291-292

Hammond, Norman
1977  Review of: The Hill-Caves of Yucatan: A Search for Evidence of Man’s Antiquity in the Caverns of Central America, by Henry C. Mercer. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman (1975). American Anthropologist 79: 968.

(416)Hammond, Norman
1981  Settlement Patterns in Belize. In Lowland Maya Settlement Patterns, edited by Wendy Ashmore, pp. 157-186. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
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Hanks, William F.
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(417)Hanks, William F.
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see p. 312

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1980  Dennis Edward Puleston, 1940-1978. American Antiquity 45: 272-276.

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1930  Collectors' Days and Nights in Yucatan. Natural History 30 (6):617-626.
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(426)Hayden, Brian
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(429)Healy, Paul F.
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Helmke, Christophe G. B., Pierre Robert Colas and Jaime J. Awe
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(439)Heyden, Doris
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(440)Heyden, Doris
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see p. 12

(441)Heyden, Doris
1981  Caves, Gods, and Myths: World-View and Planning in Teotihuacan.  In Mesoamerican Sites and World-Views, edited by Elizabeth P. Benson, pp. 1-39. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C.

(442)Heyden, Doris
1983  Lo Sagrado en el Paisaje. Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos 29:53-65.
see pp. 53, 55, 56-57

(443)Heyden, Doris
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see pp. 39-40, 42

(444)Heyden, Doris
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see pp. 90, 92, 94-95, 97, 100, 103, 104, 116

(445)Heyden, Doris
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Heyden, Doris
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see Vargas 1989

Heyden, Doris 
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see p. 211(446)Heyden, Doris
1991  La Matriz de la Tierra. In Arqueoastronomía y Etnoastronomía en Mesoamérica, edited by J. Broda, S. Iwaniszewski, L. Maupomé, pp. 501-515. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico. 

(447)Heyden, Doris
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Hinojosa C., Alfonso
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Hirth, Kenneth
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pp. 42, 43, 73, 74, 79, 104-105, 112-114, 124; n.6, 124; n.8, 216, 222-223

Hirth, Kenneth
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pp. 199, 200-201, 204, 207, 213, 217, 218, 221, 231, 233, 237, 238, 239, 241, 246, 248, 253, 255, 259, 261, 264, 270, 273, 276, 282, 299, 

(448)Hirth, Kenneth G. and Ann Cyphers Guillen
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(449)Hof, Bernard
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(450)Hofling, Charles Andrew
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(451)Holland, William R.
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(452)Holland, William R.
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(453)Holland, William R.
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see pp. 27, 92-93, 125-126, 126-127, 128

(454)Holland, William R.
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(455)Holland, William R. and Robert J. Weitlaner
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(456)Hoogshagen, Searle
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(457)Hooten, Earnest A.
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(458)Hoppe, Walter and Roberto J. Weitlaner
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(459)Hoppe, Walter and Roberto J. Weitlaner
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(460)Horcasitas, Fernando
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(461)Houston, Stephen Douglas
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(463)Houston, Stephen D.
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(464)Howard, Michael C.
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(465)Howard, Michael C.
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(466)Hunt, Eva
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(467)Huntley, L. G.
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(469)Ichon, Alain and René Viel 
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(470)Ingham, John M.
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see pp. 26, 103-105, 106, 112, 113, 116, 185-189

(471)Inomata, Takeshi
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(472)Iriarte, Juan E.
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(473)Isaza, Ilean, Amalia Kenward and Kimberly Berry
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(474)Itram, Alejandra
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Iturriaga de la Fuente, José
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Iturriaga de la Fuente, José
1978  De Puentes de Dios y Cavernas con Agua. México Desconocido 23: 6-7.

Iturriaga de la Fuente, José
1979  Cuevas de Pedro el Malo y de los Huesitos. México Desconocido 31: 26-27.

Iturriaga de la Fuente, José
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(475)Iwánska, Alicja
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(476)Jansen, Maartin 
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(477)Johnson, Irmgard Weitlander
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(478)Johnson, Irmgard Weitlander
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(479)Johnson, Irmgard Weitlander
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(480)Johnson, Irmgard Weitlander
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(481)Johnson, Irmgard Weitlander
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(482)Johnson, Irmgard Weitlander
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(483)Johnson, Irmgard Weitlaner and Jean Bassett Johnson
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(484)Johnson, Jean Bassett
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(485)Johnston, Kevin, Stephen Houston, and Arthur Demarest
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(486)Joralemon, Peter David
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(487)Joralemon, Peter David
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(488)Joyce, Rosemary A.
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Joyce, Rosemary A.
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(489)Joyce, Thomas A.
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(490)Joyce, T. A.
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(491)Joyce, T. A., T. Gann, E. L. Gruning and R. C. E. Long
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Jufresa, Pilar
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(494)Kearney, Michael
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(495)Kearney, Michael
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(500)King, Mark Bernard
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Lara Rosado, Fernando
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Lazcano Sahagún, Carlos
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Lazcano, Carlos and MauricioTapíe
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(571)Madsen, William
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(692)Noguera, Eduardo
1960  Exploraciones en Xochicalco. Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Antropológicas, No. 6:4-6. Mexico.

(693)Noguera, Eduardo
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1991  The European Roots of Latin American Pilgrimage. In Pilgrimage in Latin America, edited by N. Ross Crumrine and Alan Morinis, pp. 19-49. Greenwood Press, New York.
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(695)Nolasco Armas, Margarita
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(697)Nutini, Hugo G.
1968  San Bernardino Contla: Marriage and Family Structure in a Tlaxcalan Municipio. University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh.
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(698)Nutini, Hugo G.
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Oakes, Maud
1951  Beyond the Windy Place: Life in the Guatemalan Highlands. Farrar, Straus and Young, New York.
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(700)Ochiai, Kazuyasu
1985  Cuando los Santos Vienen Marchando: Rituales Públicos Intercomunitarios Tzotiles. Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Mexico.
see pp. 46-48, 55

(701)Ochoa Salas, Lorenzo
1969  Representaciones Fálicas de Ehécatl-Quetzalcóatl en el Centro de Vera Cruz. Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Época 7a, Tomo II: 171-179. México.
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(702)Ochoa Salas, Lorenzo
1973  Las Pinturas Rupestres en la Cueva de la Malinche. Boletín del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia 5:3-14.

(703)Olavarrieta Marenco, Marcela
1977  Magia en los Tuxtla. Instituto Nacional Indigenista, Pub. 54. Mexico.
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(704)Olivera de Vázquez, Mercedes
1969  Los "Dueños de Agua" en Tlaxcalan-cingo. Boletín del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia 35:45-48.
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Orefici, Guiseppe, Thomas A. Lee, Davide Domemici
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(706)Orellana, Sandra L.
1981  Idols and Idolatry in Highland Guatemala. Ethnohistory 28:157-177.

(707)Orellana, Sandra L.
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see pp. 96, 98-99, 99-100

(708)Ortiz de Montellano, Bernard R.
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(709)Pacheco V., Luis
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(710)Pailles H., Maricruz and Ludwig Beutelspacher B.
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(711)Palacio, Joseph O.
1977  Excavations at Hokeb Ha, Belize. Belize Institute for Social Research and Action, Occasional Publication No. 3. Belize.

(712)Palacio, Joseph O.
1977  The Hokeb Ha Vase. Belizean Studies 5(2):27-32.

(713)Pané, Fray Ramon
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(714)Parmenter, Ross
1982  Four Lienzos of the Coixtlahuaca Valley. Studies in Pre-Columbian Art and Archaeology, No. 26. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C.
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(715)Parsons, Elsie Clews
1930  Ritos Zapotecas de Año Nuevo. Mexican Folk-Ways 6(1):38-46.
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Parsons, Elsie Clews
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(716)Parsons, Elsie Clews
1936  Mitla: Town of Souls. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
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(717)Paso y Troncoso, Francisco del
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Pastron, Allen Gerald
1977  Aspects of Witchcraft and Shamanism in a Tarahumara Indian Community of Northern Mexico. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Berkeley. 
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Pastron, A. G. and C. W. Clewlow Jr.
1974  The Ethno-Archaeology of an Unusual Tarahumara Burial Cave. Man 9 (2): 308-311.

(718)Pasztory, Esther
1973  The Gods of Teotihuacan: A Synthetic Approach in Teotihuacan Iconography. Atti del XL Congresso Internazionale degli Americanists, Vol 1: 147-159.
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(719)Pasztory, Esther
1976  The Murals of Tepantitla, Teotihuacan. Garland Publishing, New York.
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(720)Pasztory, Esther
1983  Aztec Art. Harry N. Abrams, Inc., New York.
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(721)Pasztory, Esther
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1997  Teotihuacan: An Experiment in Living. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman
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Patton, James L.
1987  The Architecture and Sculpture of Polol, El Peten, Guatemala. M.A. Thesis, San Francisco State University, San Francisco.
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1951  Algunas Observaciones Acerca de la Religión de los Mixtecos Guerrerenses. Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos 12:147-164.
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Paxton, Merideth
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Paxton, Merideth
2001  The Cosmos of the Yucatec Maya: Cycles and Steps from the Madrid Codex. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
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(724)Paz, J. Rufino
1950  La Gruta de Corinto. Anales del Museo Nacional "David J. Guzman" Vol. 1, No. 2: 64. El Salvador.
see Barbarena (48), Coladán (212), (213), Haberland (410), (411), (412)

(725)Pearse, A. S. and Collaborators
1938  Fauna of the Caves of Yucatan. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 491. Washington, D.C.

(726)Pearse, A. S., Edwin P. Creaser, F. G. Hall and Collabprators
1936  The Cenotes of Yucatan: A Zoological and Hydrolographic Survey. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 457. Washington, D.C.

(727)Pendergast, David M.
1962  Breve Reconocimento Arqueológico en Honduras Britanica. Estudios de Cultura Maya 2: 197-203.

(728)Pendergast, David M.
1964  Excavaciones en la Cueva Eduardo Quiroz, Distrito Cayo, Honduras Britanica. Estudios de Cultura Maya 4:119-139.

(729)Pendergast, David M.
1966  The Actun Balam Vase. Archaeology 19(3):154-161.

(730)Pendergast, David M.
1968  Four Maya Pottery Vessels from British Honduras. American Antiquity 29: 379-382.

(731)Pendergast, David M.
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(732)Pendergast, David M.
1970  A. H. Anderson's Excavations at Rio Frio Cave E, British Honduras (Belize). Art and Archaeology Occasional Paper No. 20. Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto.

(733)Pendergast, David M.
1971  Excavations at Eduardo Quiroz Cave, British Honduras (Belize). Art and Archaeology Occasional Paper No. 21. Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto.

(734)Pendergast, David M.
1974  Excavations at Actun Polbilche, Belize. Royal Ontario Museum Monograph 1. Toronto.
see Malone (575)

(735)Peña y Ramírez, A. de la
1905  Las Ruinas de Xochicalco. Anales del Museo Nacional de México, Segunda Época, Tomo II, pp. 91-102., Mexico.
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Pérez Aguilar, Jorge
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(736)Pérez Elías, Antonio
1956  Las Cuevas del Valle de Mexico: Su Importancia Etnohistórica. Tlatoani 10:34-38. 

(737)Perez Maldonado, Raul
1969  Tales from Chichicastenango: Legends of the Maya-Quiché. 5th ed., Union Tipografía, Guatemala.
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(739)Peters, Don
1957  Caving Expedition to Mexico. National Speleological Society News 15(11):129-132.

(740)Peterson, Fredrick A.
1961  Lost Cities of Chiapas. Science of Man 1:52-56.
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Petryshyn, Jarslaw T.
1968  El Panteón Maya de los Lacandones en Najá. San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico.
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(741)Petryshyn, Jarslaw Theodore
1969  Ein Lakandonischer Gottesdienst in der Höhle des Gottes Tsibaná am Heiligen See von Mensabok in den Tropischen Urwäldern von Chiapas. Archiv für Völkerkunde 23:169-176. Vienna.

Petryshyn, Jarslaw Theodore
1973  Worship in the Rain Forest: Ritual Sites of the Lacandon Mayas. W.O.P., Chicago.
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Philips, David Atlee, Jr.
1979  Material Culture and Trade of the Postclassic Maya.  Ph.D. dissertation, University of Arizona, Tucson.
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Piacenza, Luigi
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Pincemin Deliberos, Sophia
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(743)Piña Chán, Román
1956-57  Excavaciones en Algunas Cuevas de la Región Texcocana. Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos 14:53-65.

(744)Piña Chán, Román
1967  Atlas Arqueológico de la Republica Mexicana: 3 - Chiapas. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico.
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(745)Piña Chán, Román
1968  Exploraciones del Cenote de Chichén Itzá: 1967-68.  Boletín del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia 32:1-5.

(746)Piña Chán, Román
1970  Informe Preliminar de la Reciente Exploración del Cenote Sagrado de Chichén Itzá. Investigaciones, No. 24. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico.

(747)Piña Chán, Román
1980  Chichén Itzá: La Ciudad de los Brujos del Agua. Fondo de Cultura Económica, Mexico.
see pp. 12, 86, 88-90, 141-152.

(748)Piña Chán, Román
1989  Xochicalco: El Mítico Tamoanchan. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico.
see p. 64

(749)Pohl, John M. D.
1984  The Earth Lords: Politics and Symbolism of the Mixtec Codices. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles.
see pp. 83-89, 94, 96

(750)Pohl, John M. D.
1994  The Politics of Symbolism in the Mixtec Codices. Vanderbilt University Publications in Anthropology, Nashville.
see pp. 48-50, 118

(751)Pohl, John M. D. and Bruce E. Byland 
1990  Mixtec Landscape Perception and Archaeological Settlement Patterns. Ancient Mesoamerica 1:113-131.
see pp. 115-116, 119, 122, 126
 
(752)Pohl, Mary
1976  The Ethnozoology of the Maya: An Analysis of Faunal Remains from Five Sites in Peten, Guatemala. Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University

(753)Pohl, Mary
1981  Ritual Continuity and Transformation in Mesoamerica: Reconstructing the Ancient Maya Cuch Ritual. American Antiquity 46:513-529.

(754)Pohl, Mary
1983  Maya Ritual Faunas: Vertebrate Remains from Burials, Caches, Caves, and Cenotes in the Maya Lowlands. In Civilization in the Ancient Americas, edited by R. M. Leventhal and A. L. Kolata, pp. 55-103. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
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(755)Pohl, Mary
1997  Review of: Images from the Underworld: Naj Tunich and the Tradition of Maya Cave Painting, by Andrea Stone. University of Texas Press, Austin (1995). Latin American Antiquity 8 (3):276-277.

(756)Pohl, Mary and John Pohl
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(757)Pollock, H. E. D. and Clayton E. Ray
1957  Notes on Vertebrate Animal Remains from Mayapan. Department of Archaeology, Current Reports No. 41. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C.
see pp. 635, 636-637, 

(758)Pope, Kevin O. and Malcolm B. Sibberensen 
1981  In Search of Tzultacaj: Cave Explorations in the Maya Lowlands of Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. Journal of New World Archaeology 4 (3): 16-54.

(759)Popenoe, Dorothy H.
1936  The Ruins of Tenampua, Honduras. Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution, 1935, pp. 559-572. Washington, D.C.
see pp. 562, 570-571

(760)Portal, María Ana
1986  Cuentos y Mitos en una Zona Mazateca. Colección Científica, Serie Antropología Social, Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico.
see pp. 36, 37, 40-41

(761)Porter, Muriel N.
1953  Tlatilco and the Preclassic Cultures of the New World. Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology, No. 19. New York.
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Porter Núñez, Roberto
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Porter Núñez, Roberto
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Porter Núñez, Roberto
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Porter Núñez, Roberto
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see Eliot 2001, Hose 1999, 2001

(762)Powell, James
1963  Three Caves of Yucatan. National Speleological Society News 21 11):170-172.

(763)Prensa Libre
1981  400 Cuevas Peteneras Podrían Tener Interés Turístico. Prensa Libre, March 23, p. 8. Guatemala.

(764)Prensa Libre
1982  Los Misterios de las Cuevas de Machaquilá. Prensa Libre, January 3, pp. 8-10. Guatemala.

(765)Prensa Libre
1988  Hallan Muerto a Niño de Tres Meses. Prensa Libre August 3, p. 19. Guatemala.

(766)Prensa Libre
1988  Brujos Sacrifican Bebé. Prensa Libre, August 11, p. 8. Guatemala.

(767)Proskouriakoff, Tatiana
1962  The Artifacts of Mayapan. In Mayapan, Yucatan, Mexico, by H. E. D. Pollock, Ralph L. Roys, T. Proskour-iakoff, A. Ledyard Smith, pp. 321-442. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 619. Washington, D.C.
see Fig. 28, 29, 30, 31, 40, 41, 51

(768)Proskouriakoff, Tatiana
1962  Civic and Religious Structures At Mayapan. In Mayapan, Yucatan, Mexico, by H. E. D. Pollock, Ralph L. Roys, T. Proskouriakoff, A. Ledyard Smith, pp. 87-164. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 619. Washington, D.C.
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(769)Proskouriakoff, Tatiana
1974  Jades from the Cenote of Sacrifice. Memoirs of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 10, No. 1. Cambridge.

Prufer, Keith Malcolm
2002  Communities, Caves and Ritual Specialists: A Study of Sacred Space in the Maya Mountains of Southern Belize.  Ph.D. dissertation, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale.

Pugh, Timothy W
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see pp. 251-252

(770)Puleston, Dennis Edward
1974  Ancient Maya Settlement Patterns and Environment at Tikal, Guatemala: Implications for Subsistence Model. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
see pp. 119, 121

(771)Puleston, Dennis Edward
1983  The Settlement Survey of Tikal. Tikal Report No. 13. University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. 
see p. 21; Fig. 3g, 7a, 7c, 7e

(772)Radin, Paul
1917  El Folklore de Oaxaca. Anales de la Escuela Internacional de Arqueología y Etnología Americanas. G. E. Strechert & Co., New York.
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(773)Radin, Paul
1935  An Historical Legend of the Zapotecs. Ibero-Americana 9. University of California Press, Berkeley.
see pp. 3, 27

(774)Ramirez Castañeda, Isabel
1912  El Folk-Lore de Milpa Alta, D.F., Mexico. Proceedings of the XVIII International Congress of Americanists, pp. 352-361. London.
see pp. 354, 355, 360

(775)Rands, Robert L.
1955  Some Manifestations of Water in Mesoamerican Art. Bulletin of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 157: 265-393.
see pp. 343-345

(776)Rands, Robert L., Ronald L. Bishop and Garman Harbottle
1978  Thematic and Compositional Variation in Palenque-Region Incensarios. In Tercera Mesa Redonda de Palenque, Vol. IV, edited by Merle Greene Robertson and Donnan Call Jeffers, pp. 19-30. Pre-Columbian Art Research Center, Monterey.
see pp. 21, 22

Rangel, Carlos
1989  Hallazgo: Una Ventana Hacia el Pasado. In Las Máscaras de la Cueva de Santa Ana Teloxtoc, edited by Ernesto Vargas, pp. 61-75. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.
see Vargas 1989

(777)Rätsch, Christian
1979  Zwei Yukatekische Höhlen mit Felsbildern. Mexicon 1(1):17- 19.

Rattray, Evelyn Childs
1990  New Findings on the Origins of Thin Orange Ceramics.  Ancient Mesoamerica 1: 181-195.
see p. 185

(778)Ravicz, Robert and A. Kimball Romney
1969  The Mixtec. In Handbook of Middle American Indians, Vol. 7: Ethnology, Pt. 1, edited by Evon Z. Vogt, pp. 367-399. University of Texas Press, Austin. 
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(779)Recinos, Adrián
1980  Memorial de Sololá: Anales de los Cakchiqueles and Título de los Señores de Totonicapán. Editorial Piedra Santa, Guatemala.
see pp. 32, 40-41, 42, 72-73, 112

(780)Recinos, Adrian and Delia Goetz
1953  The Annals of the Cakchiquels and Title of the Lords of Totonicapan. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
see pp. 45-46, 86-87, 136, 178

(781)Recinos, Adrian, Delia Goetz and Sylvanis G. Morley
1950  Popol Vuh: The Sacred Book of the Ancient Quiché Maya. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
see pp. 149-150

(782)Redell, James R.
1977  A Preliminary Survey of the Caves of the Yucatan Peninsula. Speleo Press, Austin.

(783)Redfield, Margaret Park
1935  The Folk Literature of a Yucatecan Town. Contributions to American Arch-aeology, No. 13. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C.
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(784)Redfield, Robert
1941  The Folk Culture of Yucatan. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
see pp. 96, 116, 117, 118-119, 121, 239, 314

(785)Redfield, Robert and Alfonso Villa Rojas 
1934  Chan Kom: A Maya Village. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication No. 448. Washington, D.C.
see pp. 49-50, 109, 115, 131, 139, 164-165, 176, 178, 205, 206, 207, 332-334, 342-343, 349-350, 374

(786)Redfield, Robert and Alfonso Villa Rojas
1962  Chan Kom: A Maya Village. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
see pp. 49-50, 109, 115, 131, 139, 164-165, 176, 178, 205, 206, 207, 332-334, 342-343, 349-350, 374 

Reed, Erik K.
1954  Review of: Faunal and Archaeological Researches in Yucatan Caves, by Robert T. Hatt and others. American Journal of Archaeology 58 (2): 179-180.
see Hatt et al. (424)

Reed, Erik K.
1954  Review of: Faunal and Archaeological Researches in Yucatan Caves, by Robert T. Hatt and others. American Anthropologist 56: 320-321.
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(787)Reeder, Philip 
1993  Cave Exploration and Mapping on the Northern Vaca Plateau. National Speleological Society News 51:296-300. 

(788)Reeder, Philip 
1993  Speleological and Geoarchaeological Investigation of the Northern Vaca Plateau, Belize, Central America. Report presented to the Commissioner of Archaeology, Belmopan, Belize.
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1966  Cueva de Balamkú, Yucatán. Report to the Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico. 

(881)Segovia Pinto, Víctor
1981  La Cabeza Antropomorfa de Loltún, Yucatán. Boletín de la Escuela de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Universidad de Yucatán 48/49: 32-35.

(882)Seler, Eduard 
1901  Die Alten Ansiedlungen von Chaculá, im Distrikte Nentón des Departments Huehuetenango der Republik Guatemala. Dietrich Reiner Verlag, Berlin.
see pp. 146-185

(883)Seler, Eduard 
1904  Antiquities of Guatemala. In Mexican and Central American Antiquities, Calendar Systems and History, edited by Charles P. Bowditch, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 28: 77-121.
see pp. 88-90, 101-103

(884)Seler, Eduard 
1904  Wall Paintings of Mitla. In Mexican and Central American Antiquities, Calendar Systems and History, edited by Charles P. Bowditch, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 28: 243-257.
see pp. 247, 248

(885)Seler, Eduard 
1960  Alterthumer aus Guatemala. In Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Amerikanischen Spach- und Altertumskunde. Akademishe Druck-u. Verlanganstalt, Graz. (original 1895)
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(886)Seler, Eduard 
1991  Where Was Aztlan, the Home of the Aztecs? In Collected Works in Meso-american Linguistics and Archaeology, Vol. 2:18-27. Labyrinthos, Culver City.
see pp. 19, 25

(887)Seler, Eduard 
1991  Idolatry Among the Modern Indians of Mexico. In Collected Works in Meso-american Linguistics and Archaeology, Vol. 2:48-51. Labyrinthos, Culver City.

(888)Seler, Eduard 
1991  Three Traveling Letters from Pueblo Viejo (Quen Santo) and Chacula. In Collected Works in Mesoamerican Linguistics and Archaeology, Vol. 2:120-128. Labyrinthos, Culver City. (letter dated 21/07/1896)
see pp. 121, 123

(889)Seler, Eduard 
1991  The Ancient Town of Chacula. In Collected Works in Mesoamerican Linguistics and Archaeology, Vol. 2:129-134. Labyrinthos, Culver City.
see pp. 133-134

(890)Seler, Eduard 
1991  A Winter Term in Mexico and Yucatan. In Collected Works in Mesoamerican Linguistics and Archaeology, Vol. 2:135-151. Labyrinthos, Culver City.
see pp. 146-147

Seler, Eduard
2003  The Ancient Settlements of Chaculá in the Nentón District of the Department of Huehuetenango, Republic of Guatemala. Labyrinthos, Lancaster, CA.
see pp. 45, 131-159, 193, 206-209, 219-222

Sempowski, Martha L.
1994  Mortuary Practices at Teotihuacan. In Mortuary Practices and Skeletal Remains at Teotihuacan, by Martha L. Sampowski and Michael W. Spence, pp. 1-314. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
pp. 13, 56, 129,132, 137, 147-148

(891)Sepúlveda, María Teresa
1973  Petición de Lluvias en Ostotempa. Boletín del Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Historia, Época II, 4:9-20.
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(892)Sepúlveda, María Teresa
1977  Ritos y Ceremonias Paganas en el Ciclo Agricola: La Peticion de Lluvias. In Religión en Mesoamerica, edited by Jaime Litvak King and Neomi Castillo Tejeros, pp. 537-541. XII Mesa Redonda de la Sociedad Mexicana de Antropología, Mexico.
see p. 539

Sepúlveda y H., María Teresa
1977  Ceremonias de Petición de Lluvias. Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos 23 (3): 345-363.
see pp. 346-350

(893)Sharer, Robert J. 
1989  The Olmec and the Southeastern Periphery. In Regional Perspectives on the Olmec, edited by Robert J. Sharer and David C. Grove, pp. 247-271. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 
see pp. 255-256, 264-265, 269, 271

(894)Sharer, Robert J. and David W. Sedat 
1987  Archaeological Investigations in the Northern Maya Highlands, Guatemala: Interaction and the Development of Maya Civilization. The University Museum, Philadelphia. 
see p. 248

(895)Shaw, Mary
1971  According to the Ancestors: Folk Texts from Guatemala and Honduras. Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields, No. 32. Guatemala.
see pp. 16, 32, 33

Sheseña H., Alejandro
2002  Análisis Epigráfico del Grupo 5 de la Cueva de Joloniel, Chiapas. Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez.

(896)Sheptak, Russell N.
1987  Interaction Between Belize and the Ulua Valley. In Interaction on the Southeast Mesoamerican Frontier, edited by Eugenia J. Robinson, pp. 247-266. BAR International Series 327. Oxford.
see Ceramics of Black Rock Caves, pp. 255, 256, 257; Gifford (348)

(897)Shook, Edwin M.
1947  Guatemala Highlands. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book 46: 179-184.
see p. 183

(898)Shook, Edwin M.
1949  Guatemala Highlands. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book 48: 219-224.
see p. 223

(899)Shook, Edwin M.
1952  The Great Wall and Other Features of Mayapan. Carnegie Institution of Washington Yearbook 51:247-251.
see pp. 248, 250

(900)Shook, Edwin M.
1955  Yucatan and Chiapas. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book 54: 289-295.
see pp. 289-290

(901)Shook, Edwin M.
1956  Review of: Faunal and Archaeological Researches in Yucatan Caves, by Robert T. Hatt, Harvey I. Fisher, Dave A. Lange-Bartel, and George W. Brainerd. Cranbrook Institute of Science, Bloomfield Hills (1953). American Antiquity 21: 321-322.
see Hatt et al. (424)

(902)Shook, Edwin M. and Robert E. Smith
1950  Descubrimentos Arqueológicos en Poptún. Antropología e Historia de Guatemala 2 (2): 3-15.
see pp. 10, 12

Shumann G., Otto
1973	La Lingua Chol, de Tila (Chiapas). Centro de Estudios Maya, Cuaderno 8.  Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.
see pp. 52, 79

(903)Siegal, Morris
1941  Religion in Western Guatemala: A Product of Acculturation. American Anthropologist 43:62-76.
see p. 73

Siemens, Alfred H.
1978  Karst and the pre-Hispanic Maya in the Southern Lowlands.  In Pre-Hispanic Maya Agriculture, edited by Peter D. Harrison and B. L. Turner II, pp. 117-143. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
see pp. 117, 136, 137, 138

(904)Siemens, Alfred H.
1979  Possible Karstic Constraints on Prehispanic Mayan Land Use and Transportation in the Southern Lowlands. Actas du XLII Congrès des Américanistes,Vol. VIII:373-388.

(905)Sierra O'Reilly, Justo
1968  Xtacumbilxunaan. In Xtacumbilxunaan Dzitbalché, Bécal, by Francisco Martínez de Arredondo, John L. Stephens, Justo Sierra O'Reilly, Gustavo Martínez Alomía, José Felipe Castellot, José T. Cervera, pp.11-17. Publicaciones del Gobierno del Estado de Campeche, No. 6. Campeche. (originally published 1845)

Sierra Sosa, Thelma Noemí
1994  Contribuciónal Estudio de los Asentamientos de San Gervasio, Isla de Cozumel.  Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico.
see p. 80

(906)Sievert, April Kay
1992  Maya Ceremonial Specialization: Lithic Tools from the Sacred Cenote at Chichen Itza, Yucatan. Prehistory Press, Madison.

(907)Siffre, Michel
1979  L'or des Gouffres: Decouvertes dans les Jungles Mayas.  Flammarion, France.

(908)Siffre, Michel
1979  A la Recherche de L'Art des Cavernes du Pays Maya. Editions Alain Lefeuvre, Nice.

(909)Siffre, Michel
1993  Déscouvertes dans les Grottes Mayas. Arthaud, France.

(910)Siffre, Michel and Gerard Cappa
1981  Cave Explorations and Archaeological Discoveries in the Cockpit Karst of Peten, Guatemala.  In Proceedings of the 8th International Congress of Speleology, edited by Barry F. Beck, p. 286. Huntsville, Alabama.

(911)Siller, Juan Antonio
1989  Viajes de Reconocimiento Arquitectónico a la Región Maya: Reciente Localización de las Cuevas de San Miguel en el Petén, Guatemala. Memorias del Segundo Coloquio Internacional de Mayistas, pp. 167-177. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.

Silva Rhoads, Carlos and Eliseo Linares Villanueva
1993  El Tapesco del Diablo. Arqueología Mexicana 3: 76-78.

Silva Rhoads, Carlos and Concepción María del Carmen Hernández
1991  Estudios de Patrón de Asentamiento en Playa del Carmen, Quintana Roo. Colección Científica No. 231. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico.
see p. 33

(912)Silver, Daniel Ben
1966  Zinacanteco Shamanism. Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University.
see pp. 29, 45, 73, 74-75

Sinclair, Anthony
1996  Review among the New Books. Antiquity 70: 191-200.
see p. 194 for review of Andrea Stone (1995)

Sivelli, Michele
1997  Expedición Espeleológica a las Montañas de Colón, Gracias a Dios. Yaxkin XVI:104-111.

Slocum, Marianna C. and Florencia L. Gerdel
1964  Vocabulario Tzeltal de Bachajon. Instituto Linguistico de Verano, Mexico.
see pp. 37, 136

(913)Slusser, Mary Catherine
1982  Mayan Spatial Cognition: Verbal and Non-Verbal Models of Space in a Yucatecan Community. Ph.D. dissertation, State University of New York, Binghamton.
see pp. 31-32

(914)Smith, A. Ledyard
1929  Report of A. Ledyard Smith on the Map of Environs of Uaxactun. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book 28:325-327.
see p. 326

(915)Smith, A. Ledyard
1946  Guatemala Highlands Project. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book 45: 199-201.
see pp. 200-201

(916)Smith, A. Ledyard
1955  Archaeological Reconnaissance in Central Guatemala. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 608. Washington, D.C.
see pp. 7, 33, 43, 45, 64

(917)Smith, A. Ledyard
1962  Residential and Associated Structures at Mayapan. In Mayapan, Yucatan, Mexico, by H. E. D. Pollock, Ralph L. Roys, T. Proskouriakoff, A. Ledyard Smith, pp. 165-319. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 619. Washington, D.C.
see pp. 210-211

(918)Smith, James H. and C. William Steele
1990  Huatla '88 and '89: Studying the Hydrology and Making the Movie. Explorers Journal 68(1):14-21.

(919)Smith, Mary C.
1979  Esquipulas. Américas 31(1):26-31.
see p. 27

(920)Smith, Mary Elizabeth
1973  Picture Writing from Ancient Southern Mexico: Mixtec Place Signs and Map. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
see pp. 46, 47

(921)Smith, Philip E. 
1954  Excavation in Ceremonial Structures at Mayapan. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book 53:273-276.

(922)Smith, Philip E.
1955  Excavations in Three Ceremonial Structures at Mayapan. Department of Archaeology, Current Reports, No. 21. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C.

(923)Smith, Robert E.
1952  Pottery at Mayapan. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book 51:251-256.
see pp. 251-255

(924)Smith, Robert E.
1953  Pottery of Mayapan and Vicinity. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book 52:279-282.
see p. 280

(925)Smith, Robert E.
1953  Cenote X-Coton at Mayapan. Department of Archaeology, Current Report 5: 67-81.  Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C.

(926)Smith, Robert E.
1954  Cenote Exploration at Mayapan and Telchaquillo. Department of Archaeology, Current Report 12: 222-233. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C.

(927)Smith, Robert E.
1954  Explorations on the Outskirts of Mayapan. Department of Archaeology, Current Report 18:53-69. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C.
see p. 58

(928)Smith, Robert E.
1956  Ceramic Studies in Yucatan. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book 55: 338-339.
see p. 339

(929)Smith, Robert E.
1971  The Pottery of Mayapan: Including Studies of Ceramic Material From Uxmal, Kabah, and Chichen Itza. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 66. Cambridge.
see pp. 106, 110-111, 125, 127

(930)Snavely, Ralph, Janet Steele and Adrian Garcia
1988  Cueva Cheve: A Preliminary Report. Unpublished manuscript.

(931)Sorenson, John L.
1956  An Archaeological Reconnaissance of West-Central Chiapas, Mexico. New World Archaeological Foundation, Publication 1. Provo.
see p. 9

(932)Soruco Sáenz, Enrique
1991  Una Cueva Ceremonial en Teotihuacán y sus Implicaciones Astronómicas Religiosas. In Arqueoastronomía et Etnoastronomía en Mesoamérica, edited by Johanna Broda, Stanislaw Iwaniszewski, and Lucrecia Mauponé, pp. 291-296. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.

(933)Sosa, John Robert
1985  The Maya Sky, The Maya World: A Symbolic Analysis of Yucatec Maya Cosmology. Ph.D. dissertation, State University of New York, Albany.
see pp. 247, 410, 411, 412-413, 413-414, 414-415, 417, 422, 423, 424, 425, 427, 444, 447, 448

(934)Soustelle, Georgette
1961  Observaciones sobre la Religión de los Lacandones de México Meridional. Guatemala Indígena 1 (1): 31-105.
see pp. 41, 42-43, 44-45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50-51, 58-59, 60-61, 62, 66-67, 74, 75, 81, 90-91

(935)Soustelle, Jacque
1937  La Cultura Materielle des Indiens Lacondons. Journal Société des Américanistes 29:1-95.
see p. 52

(936)Soustelle, Jacque
1988  Los Adoradores del Sol. In Viajes al Desierto de la Soledad: Cuando la Selva Lacandona aún Era Selva, edited by Jan De Vos, pp. 217-237. Secretaría de Educación Pública, Mexico. (original 1934)
see pp. 227-231

(937)Soza, José María
1957  Pequeña Monografía del Petén. Ministerio de Educación Publica, Guatemala.
see pp. 41-43, 43-44

Spence, Michael W.
1994  Human Skeletal Material from Teotihuacan. In Mortuary Practices and Skeletal Remains at Teotihuacan, by Martha L. Sampowski and Michael W. Spence, pp. 315-427. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
see pp. 339, 344-345, 414, 415

(938)Spinden, Herbert J.
1913  A Study of Maya Art: Its Subject Matter and Historical Development. Memoirs of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. IV. Harvard University, Cambridge.
see p. 136

(939)Spores, Ronald
1965  The Zapotec and Mixtec at Spanish Contact. In Handbook of Middle American Indians, Volume 2: Archaeology of Southern Mesoamerica, Part 1, edited by Gordon R. Willey, pp. 962-987. University of Texas Press, Austin.
see pp. 977, 982

(940)Spores, Ronald
1967  The Mixtec Kings and Their People. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
see pp. 22-23, 24, 32, 96-97

(941)Spores, Ronald
1984  The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
see pp. 84, 152-153

Šprajc, Ivan
2000  Astronomical Alignments at Teotihuacan, Mexico. Latin American Antiquity 11: 403-415.
see pp. 408, 410, 412

(942)Spranz, Bodo
1967  Descubrimiento en Totimehuacan, Puebla. Boletín del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia 27:19-22.

(943)Squier, E. G.
1858  The States of Central America. Harper and Brothers, Publishers, New York.
see pp. 342-343

Squier, E. G.
1859	 A Visit to the Guajiquero Indians. Harper’s Magazine XIX: 602-619.
see p. 609

(944)Starr, Frederick
1901  Notes Upon the Ethnology of Southern Mexico. Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Sciences Vol. 8: 102-198.
see pp. 117, 121, 155, 156-157, 158, 161

(945)Starr, Frederick
1908  In Indian Mexico. Forbes and Co., Chicago.
see pp. 256-257, 314-315

(946)Steele, Janet Fitzsimmons
1987  Blade Cave: An Archaeological Preservation Study in the Mazatec Region, Oaxaca, Mexico. M.A. thesis, University of Texas, San Antonio.

(947)Steele, Janet F. and Ralph Snavely
1997  Cueva Cheve Tablet.  Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 59 (1):26-32.

(948)Stephens, John Lloyd
1962  Incidents of Travel in Yucatan.  University of Oklahoma Press, Norman. (original 1843).
see Vol. 1: 84-85, 227-231, 358-359; Vol. 2: 16-20, 36, 37-39, 47, 91-100

(949)Stephens, John Lloyd
1969  Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatan. Dover Publications, Inc., New York. (original 1841).
see Vol. 1: 84-85, Vol. 2: 408-409, 423-425

Stephens, John Lloyd
1979  The Remarkable Well of Bolonchen. Caving International Magazine No. 3: 26-27. 

Sterner, Bob
1997  The Cenotes of Cozumel. Immersed 2 (3): 52-56.

(950)Stirling, Matthew W.
1945  Letter to the Editor. American Antiguity 11:137.

(951)Stirling, Matthew W.
1947  On the Trail of La Venta Man. National Geographic 91:137- 172.
see pp. 137-139

(952)Stocker, Terry and Scott Lamb
1985  Mysteries of the Mexican Codices. Explorers Journal 63:2-7.
see pp. 2, 3, 6, 7

(953)Stone, Andrea
1982  Recent Discoveries from Naj Tunich. Mexicon 4 (5/6):93-98.

(954)Stone, Andrea
1983  Epigraphic Patterns in the Inscriptions of Naj Tunich Cave. In Contributions to Maya Hieroglyphic Decipherment, edited by Stephen D. Houston, pp. 88-103. HRAFlex Book, New Haven.

(955)Stone, Andrea
1985  The Moon Goddess at Naj Tunich. Mexicon 7(2):23-29.

(956)Stone, Andrea
1987  Cave Painting in the Maya Area. Latin American Indian Literatures Journal 3(1):95-108.

(957)Stone, Andrea
1987  Commentary. Mexicon 9(2):37.

(958)Stone, Andrea
1988  Report on Dzibih Actun, Municipio of Dzimin. Unpublished manuscript 

(959)Stone, Andrea
1989  Actun Ch'on, Oxkutzcab, Yucatán: Una Cueva Maya con Pinturas del Clásico Tardío. Boletín de la Escuela de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Univerdidad de Yucatán 99:24-34.

(960)Stone, Andrea
1989  The Painted Walls of Xibalba: Maya Cave Painting as Evidence of Cave Ritual. In Word and Image in Maya Culture: Exploration in Language, Writing, and Representation, edited by William F. Hank and Don S. Rice, pp. 319-335. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.

(961)Stone, Andrea
1990  Portraits of a Sacred Maya Cave: Photographs of Naj Tunich, Guatemala by Chip and Jennifer Clark. University of Wisconsin/ Milwaukee Art Museum, Milwaukee.

(962)Stone, Andrea
1991  Las Pinturas y Petroglifos de Naj Tunich, Petén: Investigaciones Recientes. II Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicos en Guatemala, 2nd ed., pp. 182-200. Ministerio de Cultura y Desportes, Instituto de Antropología e Historia, Asociación Tikal, Guatemala.

(963)Stone, Andrea
1992  From Ritual Landscape to Capture in the Urban Center: The Recreation of Ritual Environment in Mesoamerica. Journal of Ritual Studies 6(1):109-132.

(964)Stone, Andrea J.
1995  Images from the Underworld: Naj Tunich and the Tradition of Maya Cave Painting. University of Texas Press, Austin. 
see Arrata 1996, Brady 1998, Brotherston (153), Coe 1996, Joyce 1998, Mixon (638), Pohl (755), Reents-Budet 1996, Sinclair 1996

(965)Stone, Andrea
1997  Precolumbian Cave Utilization in the Maya Area. In The Human Uses of Caves, edited by Clive Bonsall and Christopher Tolan-Smith, pp. 201-206. BAR International Series, No. 667, Oxford.

(966)Stone, Andrea
1997  Regional Variation in Maya Cave Art. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 59 (1):33-42.

(967)Stone, Andrea
1998  Estudios Epigráficos  de Naj Tunich, Petén. XI Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, edited by Juan Pedro Laporte and Héctor Escobedo, pp. 151-164. Ministerio de Cultura y Deportes, Instituto de Antropología e Historia, Asociación Tikal, Guatemala.

(968)Stone, Andrea and Paul Bahn
1993  A Comparison of Franco-Cantabrian and Maya Art in Deep Caves: Spatial Stratigies and Cultural Considerations. In Time and Space: Dating and Spatial Considerations in Rock Art Research, Papers of Symposia F and E, Second AURA Congress, Cairns 1992, edited by Paul Faulstich and Paul S. C. Tacon, pp. 111-120. Austrialian Rock Art Research Association, Occasional Publication No. 8. Melbourne.

Stone, Andrea and Martin Künne
2004  Rock Art of Central America and Maya Mexico. In Rock Art Studies: News of the World 2: Developments in Rock Art Research 1995-1999, edited by Paul G. Bahn and Angelo Fossati, pp. 196-213. Oxbow Books, Oxford.

(969)Stone, Bill
1985  The 1984 Peña Colorado Cave Expedition. Explorers Journal 63 (2):58-68.
see Wm. Stone (1995)

(970)Stone, Doris 
1941  The Archaeology of the North Coast of Honduras. Memoirs of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Vol. 9, No. 1. Cambridge.
see pp. 23-24

Stone, Doris 
1948  The Basic Cultures of Central America. In Handbook of South American Indians, Vol. 4: The Circum-Caribbean Tribes, edited by Julian H. Steward, pp. 169-193. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 143. Washington, D.C.
see p. 178

(971)Stone, Doris 
1948  The Northern Highland Tribes: The Lenca. In Handbook of South American Indians, Vol. 4: The Circum-Caribbean Tribes, edited by Julian H. Steward, pp. 205-217. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 143. Washington, D.C.
see p. 215

(972)Stone, Doris 
1957  The Archaeology of Central and Southern Honduras. Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Vol. 49, No. 3. Cambridge. 
see pp. 47-48, 50, 53-54, 56, 56, 63, 75-76, 89-90, 95, 97, 112-113, 114-115

Stone, Doris 
1966  Synthesis of Lower Central American Ethnohistory. In Handbook of Middle American Indians, Vol. 4: Archaeological Frontiers and External Connections, edited by Gordon F. Ekholm and Grodon R. Willey, pp. 209-233. University of Texas Press, Austin.
see p. 230

(973)Stone, Doris 
1984  A History of Lower Central American Archaeology. In The Archaeology of Lower Central America, edited by Frederick W. Lange and Doris Z. Stone, pp. 13-32. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
see p. 21

Stone, Martha
1975  At the Sign of Midnight: The Concheros Dance Cult of Mexico.  University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
see pp. 94-107

Stone, William C.
1995  Huautla Cave Quest. National Geographic 188 (3): 78-93
see Stone (969)

(974)Strecker, Matthias
1976  Pinturas Ruprestres de la Cueva de Loltun, Oxkutzcab, Yucatán. Boletín del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia 18:3-8.

(975)Strecker, Matthias
1977  Yucatan Caves with Rock Art. Katunob 9 (4): 84-86.

(976)Strecker, Matthias
1981  Exploraciones Arqueológicas de Teobert Maler en Cuevas Yucatecas. Boletín de la Escuela de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Univerdidad de Yucatán 49: 20-31.

(977)Strecker, Matthias
1982  Representaciones de Manos y Pies en el Arte Ruprestre de Cuevas de Oxkutzcab, Yucatán. Boletín de la Escuela de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Universidad de Yucatán 52: 47-57.

(978)Strecker, Matthias
1982  Rock Art of East Mexico and Central America: An Annotated Bibliography, Second, Revised Edition. UCLA Institute of Archaeology, Monograph X.

(979)Strecker, Matthias
1984  Cuevas Mayas en el Municipio de Oxkutzcab, Yucatán (I): Cuevas Mis y Petroglifos. Boletín de la Escuela de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Universidad de Yucatán 68: 21-28.

(980)Strecker, Matthias
1985  Cuevas Mayas en el Municipio de Oxkutzcab (II): Cuevas Ehbis, Xcosmil, Cahum. Boletín de la Escuela de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Universidad de Yucatán 70: 16-21.

(981)Strecker, Matthias
1985  Cuevas Mayas en el Municipio de Oxkutzcab (III): Una Mascara de Madera Proveniente de una Cueva. Boletín de la Escuela de Ciencias Antropológicas de la Universidad de Yucatán 71: 52-53.

(982)Strecker, Matthias
1987  Rock Art Research near Oxkutzcab, Yucatan. Mexicon 9(1):6.

(983)Strecker, Matthias
1987  Representaciones Sexuales en el Arte Ruprestre de la Región Maya. Mexicon 9 (2): 34-37.

(984)Stresser-Pean, Guy
1952  Montagnes Calcarires et Sources Vauclusiennes Dans la Religión des Indians Huateques de la Región de Tampico. Revue de L'Histoire des Religiones 141: 84-90.

(985)Strómsvik, Gustav
1942  Substela Caches and Stela Foundations at Copan and Quirigua. Contributions to American Anthropology and History, No. 37. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 528. Washington, D.C.
see pp. 69, 72, 73, 74, 75, Fig. 11d

(986)Strómsvik, Gustav
1953  Exploration, Excavation, and Reconstruction in Mayapan and Vicinity. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book 52:276- 279.
see p. 276

(987)Strómsvik, Gustav
1955  Exploration and Reconstruction in Mayapan and Vicinity. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book 54:284-285.
see p. 285

(988)Strómsvik, Gustav
1956  Exploration of the Cave of Dzab-Na, Tecoh, Yucatan. Department of Archaeology, Current Reports 35: 463-470. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C.

(989)Strong, William Duncan 
1935  Archaeological Investigations in the Bay Islands, Spanish Honduras. Smithsonian Miscellanious Collections Vol. 92, No. 14. 
see pp. 21, 30-34, 37, 40-41, 74-84

(990)Strong, William Duncan
1948  The Archaeology of Honduras. In Handbook of South American Indians, Vol. 4: The Circum-Caribbean Tribes, edited by Julian H. Steward, pp. 69-120. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 143. Washington, D.C.
see p. 106

(991)Stross, Brian
1994  Maya Creation: A Shamanic Perspective. In U Mut Maya V: A Collection of Reports from Attendants of the Xth and XIth Advanced Seminars held at the University of Texas, March16-21, 1992 and March 15-20, 1993, edited by Carolyn and Tom Jones, pp. 159-170. U Mut Maya, Arcata, CA.
see pp. 161, 163

Stross, Brian
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see p. 53; Graham 1997

(994)Suárez Jácome, Cruz
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(997)Taggert, James M.
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Tapie, Pablo, Mauricio Tapie and Louis Torreli
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(998)Tate, Carolyn
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(1017)Thompson, Edward H.
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(1022)Thompson, J. Eric
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Thompson, J. Eric S.
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(1080)Villa Rojas, Alfonso
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(1087)Vogt, Evon Z.
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(1088)Vogt, Evon Z.
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(1089)Vogt, Evon Z.
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(1090)Vogt, Evon Z.
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(1091)Vogt, Evon Z.
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(1092)Vogt, Evon Z.
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(1093)Vogt, Evon Z.
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(1094)Vogt, Evon Z.
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(1109)Weitlaner, Roberto J.
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(1111)Weitlaner, Roberto J.
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1940  The Chorti Indians of Guatemala. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
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